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			<titleStmt><title level='a'>QZO: A Catalog of 5 Million Quasars from the Zwicky Transient Facility</title></titleStmt>
			<publicationStmt>
				<publisher>American Astronomical Society</publisher>
				<date>10/10/2025</date>
			</publicationStmt>
			<sourceDesc>
				<bibl> 
					<idno type="par_id">10649496</idno>
					<idno type="doi">10.3847/1538-4357/adf4e4</idno>
					<title level='j'>The Astrophysical Journal</title>
<idno>0004-637X</idno>
<biblScope unit="volume">992</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope>					

					<author>S J Nakoneczny</author><author>M J Graham</author><author>D Stern</author><author>G Helou</author><author>S G Djorgovski</author><author>E C Bellm</author><author>T X Chen</author><author>R Dekany</author><author>A Drake</author><author>A A Mahabal</author><author>T A Prince</author><author>R Riddle</author><author>B Rusholme</author><author>N Sravan</author>
				</bibl>
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			<abstract><ab><![CDATA[<title>Abstract</title> <p>Machine learning methods are well established in the classification of quasars (QSOs). However, the advent of light-curve observations adds a great amount of complexity to the problem. Our goal is to use the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) to create a catalog of QSOs. We process the ZTF DR20 light curves with a transformer artificial neural network and combine different surveys with extreme gradient boosting. Based on ZTF<italic>g</italic>-band and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) observations, we find 4,849,574 objects classified as QSOs with confidence higher than 90% (QZO). We robustly classify objects fainter than the 5<italic>σ</italic>signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) limit at<italic>g</italic>= 20.8 by requiring<italic>g</italic><<italic>n</italic><sub>obs</sub>/80+20.375. For 33% of QZO objects, with available WISE data, we publish redshifts with estimated error Δ<italic>z</italic>/(1+<italic>z</italic>)=0.14. We find that ZTF classification is superior to the Pan-STARRS static bands, and on par with WISE and Gaia measurements, but the light curves provide the most important features for QSO classification in the ZTF data set. Using ZTF<italic>g</italic>-band data with at least 100 observational epochs per light curve, we obtain a 97% F1 score for QSOs. We find that with 3 day median cadence, a survey time span of at least 900 days is required to achieve a 90% QSO F1 score. However, one can obtain the same score with a survey time span of 1800 days and the median cadence prolonged to 12 days.</p>]]></ab></abstract>
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