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The watershed is forested by typical northern hardwood species (sugar maple, beech and yellow birch) on the lower 90% of its area and by a montane boreal transition forest of red spruce, balsam fir and white birch on the highest 10%. Forest inventory surveys were initiated in 1965, repeated in 1977, and repeated at 5 year intervals after that. This data set includes all inventories from 1965 to 2022 (11 surveys). The inventory consists of a total inventory of all trees ≥10 cm diameter-at-breast-height (dbh) (over 11,000 individual stems overtime) on the whole of the watershed (13.23 ha, 549−792 m in elevation), as measured in each of the 208 grid cells (= plots; 25 m x 25 m, 625 m2). Trees ≥2 to <10 cm dbh were subsampled using a 3 meter wide strip along one edge of each 25 m x 25 m plot. While the specifics of the inventory design varied between watersheds and over time, the core measurements were consistent. Differences between exact inventory methods over time are detailed in the Methods. The surveys include 6000 – 7000 live trees and another 2000-3000 dead standing trees. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES) and funded largely through the Long-term Ecological Research (LTER) program through NSF since 1988. The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
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Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Watershed 1 Tree Inventory, 1996 - ongoing
In order to evaluate the role of Ca supply in regulating the structure and function of base-poor forest and aquatic ecosystems, the Ca content of soil was increased through the application of wollastonite (CaSiO3) in October 1999. The watershed is forested by typical northern hardwood species (sugar maple, beech and yellow birch) on the lower 90 % of its area, and by a montane boreal transition forest of red spruce, balsam fir and white birch on the highest 10%. Forest inventory surveys were initiated in 1996 and repeated at 5 year intervals. This data set includes 2016 inventory measurements. The data consists of a total inventory of all trees ≥10 cm diameter-at-breast-height (dbh) on the whole of the watershed (11.8 ha), as measured in each of the 200 25 m x 25 m plots. Trees ≥ 2 to ≤10 cm dbh were subsampled using a 3 meter wide strip along one edge of each 25 m x 25 m plot. With the addition of tree tags in 2006 on all trees ≥10 cm dbh, tracking of individual trees is now possible and trees that grow into the ≥10 cm dbh size class are tagged each survey. The data consist of the diameters (dbh) of all the trees ≥10 cm dbh, live and dead, in the whole of the watershed (about 9000 individual stems) and an additional 3000-4000 saplings. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2224545
- PAR ID:
- 10664021
- Publisher / Repository:
- Environmental Data Initiative
- Date Published:
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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The forest inventory surveys in the bird area were initiated in 1981 and transects were made permanent in 1991. The inventory is representative of approximately 2.5 km-squared of mid elevation northern hardwood forest. It consists of a total inventory of all trees >=10 cm dbh, within each of four 10 m wide belt transects. The parallel transects are placed approximately 200 m apart and run roughly in an east-west direction for 2200 to 2900 m. In 1991, each live stem >=10 cm dbh was tagged with a unique number. Tree vigor is assessed every two years and diameter is remeasured every ten years. Every two years, new tags are placed on stems that have grown into the 10 cm diameter class. A survey of smaller trees (>=2 to <10 cm dbh) was first taken in 1991 and is resurveyed every ten years. This dataset includes the initial inventory values measured in 1981. The full timeline of tree inventory data for this site is available at https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/58dfdebfd1b6440510def2394ab92c53 These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.more » « less
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The forest inventory surveys in the bird area were initiated in 1981 and transects were made permanent in 1991 by Tom Siccama who created and designed this tree survey. The inventory is representative of approximately 2.5 km2 of mid elevation northern hardwood forest. The data set is particularly geared toward producing accurate mortality and recruitment estimates. It consists of a total inventory of all trees greater than or equal to 10 cm dbh within each of four 10 m wide belt transects. The parallel transects are placed approximately 200 m apart and 290° bearing in an east-west direction for 2200 to 2900 m. In 1991, each live stem greater than or equal to 10 cm dbh was tagged with a unique number. Tree vigor is assessed every two years and diameter is remeasured every ten years. Every two years, new tags are placed on stems that have grown into the 10 cm diameter class. A survey of smaller trees (greater than or equal to 2 to less than 10 cm dbh) was first taken in 1991 and is resurveyed every ten years. This dataset includes 1991 and subsequent samplings. Data from an earlier sampling in 1981 can be found in: Sherry, T., D. Holmes, and T. Siccama. 2019. Forest Inventory of a Northern Hardwood Forest: Bird Area at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 1981 ver 7. Environmental Data Initiative. https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/206b98f6553f1ff95cf584dd2185554e (Accessed 2021-09-16). These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. These data have been used in the following publication: Siccama, T.G., Fahey, T.J., Johnson, C.E., Sherry, T.W., Denny, E.G., Girdler, E.B., Likens, G.E., and Schwarz, P.A. 2007. Population and biomass dynamics of trees in a northern hardwood forest at Hubbard Brook. Can. J. For. Res. 37(4): 737–749. doi:10.1139/X06-261.more » « less
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The forest inventory surveys in the bird area were initiated in 1981 and transects were made permanent in 1991 by Tom Siccama who created and designed this tree survey. The inventory is representative of approximately 2.5 km2 of mid elevation northern hardwood forest. The data set is particularly geared toward producing accurate mortality and recruitment estimates. It consists of a total inventory of all trees greater than or equal to 10 cm dbh within each of four 10 m wide belt transects. The parallel transects are placed approximately 200 m apart and 290° bearing in an east-west direction for 2200 to 2900 m. In 1991, each live stem greater than or equal to 10 cm dbh was tagged with a unique number. Tree vigor is assessed every two years and diameter is remeasured every ten years. Every two years, new tags are placed on stems that have grown into the 10 cm diameter class. This dataset includes 1991 and subsequent samplings. These detailed tree status data provide a high resolution assessment of tree vital rates, particularly recruitment and mortality rates. The data show an increase in both mortality and recruitment over the 30 year measure time (1991-2021). The number of unhealthy trees has also increased to about 8% of the live trees. The measure period includes notable disturbances, particularly the 2013 microburst impacted the west end of lines 5 and 9, and a saddled prominent outbreak concurrent with drought conditions in 2020. Data from an earlier sampling in 1981 (pre-tagging of individual trees) can be found in: Sherry, T., D. Holmes, and T. Siccama. 2019. Forest Inventory of a Northern Hardwood Forest: Bird Area at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 1981 ver 7. Environmental Data Initiative. https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/206b98f6553f1ff95cf584dd2185554e (Accessed 2021-09-16). These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. These data have been used in the following publication: Siccama, T.G., Fahey, T.J., Johnson, C.E., Sherry, T.W., Denny, E.G., Girdler, E.B., Likens, G.E., and Schwarz, P.A. 2007. Population and biomass dynamics of trees in a northern hardwood forest at Hubbard Brook. Can. J. For. Res. 37(4): 737–749. doi:10.1139/X06-261.more » « less
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A whole-tree harvest was conducted during the dormant season of 1983-1984 in order to assess ecosystem response to whole-tree logging operations. Pre-harvest forest inventory surveys were conducted in 1982 on the whole of the watershed. Post-harvest surveys were conducted in 1990, 1994 and every 5 years thereafter. This data set includes data for 1982 – 2019 surveys. The hydrology has been monitored since 1962 and stream water chemistry monitored since 1963. In 1982, before the clearcut, the watershed was forested by typical northern hardwood species (sugar maple, beech and yellow birch) on the lower 85 % of its area and by a montane boreal transition forest of red spruce, balsam fir and white birch on the highest 15%. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.more » « less
