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Summary Grasses are exceptionally productive, yet their hydraulic adaptation is paradoxical. Among C3grasses, a high photosynthetic rate (Aarea) may depend on higher vein density (Dv) and hydraulic conductance (Kleaf). However, the higherDvof C4grasses suggests a hydraulic surplus, given their reduced need for highKleafresulting from lower stomatal conductance (gs).Combining hydraulic and photosynthetic physiological data for diverse common garden C3and C4species with data for 332 species from the published literature, and mechanistic modeling, we validated a framework for linkages of photosynthesis with hydraulic transport, anatomy, and adaptation to aridity.C3and C4grasses had similarKleafin our common garden, but C4grasses had higherKleafthan C3species in our meta‐analysis. Variation inKleafdepended on outside‐xylem pathways. C4grasses have highKleaf : gs, which modeling shows is essential to achieve their photosynthetic advantage.Across C3grasses, higherAareawas associated with higherKleaf, and adaptation to aridity, whereas for C4species, adaptation to aridity was associated with higherKleaf : gs. These associations are consistent with adaptation for stress avoidance.Hydraulic traits are a critical element of evolutionary and ecological success in C3and C4grasses and are crucial avenues for crop design and ecological forecasting.
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This content will become publicly available on March 12, 2027
Unveiling the role of oxygen species in surface promoted Fe–Mn oxides for chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane
In chemical looping – oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane, tuning the re-oxidation conditions for Na4Mg(WO4)3promoted mixed Fe–Mn oxide can significantly improve the yields towards ethylene and C2+high-value products and reduce the COxformation.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1923468
- PAR ID:
- 10679169
- Publisher / Repository:
- Royal Society of Chemistry
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- EES Catalysis
- Volume:
- 4
- Issue:
- 2
- ISSN:
- 2753-801X
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 434 to 448
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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