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			<titleStmt><title level='a'>First Mid-infrared Detection and Modeling of a Flare from Sgr A*. II. Mid-infrared Spectral Energy Distribution and Millimeter Polarimetry</title></titleStmt>
			<publicationStmt>
				<publisher>The Astrophysical Journal</publisher>
				<date>01/28/2026</date>
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				<bibl> 
					<idno type="par_id">10682417</idno>
					<idno type="doi">10.3847/1538-4357/ae25ef</idno>
					<title level='j'>The Astrophysical Journal</title>
<idno>0004-637X</idno>
<biblScope unit="volume">997</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope>					

					<author>Joseph M Michail</author><author>Sebastiano D von_Fellenberg</author><author>Garrett K Keating</author><author>Ramprasad Rao</author><author>Tamojeet Roychowdhury</author><author>S P Willner</author><author>Nicole M Ford</author><author>Daryl Haggard</author><author>Sera Markoff</author><author>Alexander Philippov</author><author>Bart Ripperda</author><author>Sophia Sanchez-Maes</author><author>Zach Sumners</author><author>Gunther Witzel</author><author>Mayura Balakrishnan</author><author>Sunil Chandra</author><author>Kazuhiro Hada</author><author>Macarena Garcia_Marin</author><author>Mark A Gurwell</author><author>Giovanni G Fazio</author><author>Joseph L Hora</author><author>Braden Seefeldt-Gail</author><author>Howard A Smith</author>
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			<abstract><ab><![CDATA[<title>Abstract</title> <p>S. D. von Fellenberg et al. reported the first mid-infrared detection of a flare from Sgr A*. The JWST/MIRI/Medium Resolution Spectrometer observations were consistent with an orbiting hotspot undergoing electron injection with a spectrum that subsequently breaks from synchrotron cooling. However, mid-infrared extinction measurements appropriate for these data were not yet determined, and, therefore, the temporal evolution of the absolute spectral index remained unknown. This work applies new Sgr A* extinction measurements to the flare observations. The evolution of the spectral index after the peak is fully consistent with that reported in Paper I with a maximum absolute mid-infrared spectral index<italic>α</italic><sub>MIR</sub>= 0.45 ± 0.01<sub>stat</sub>± 0.08<sub>sys</sub>during the second mid-infrared flare peak, matching the known near-infrared spectral index during bright states (<italic>α</italic><sub>NIR</sub>≈ 0.5). There was a near-instantaneous change in the mid-infrared spectral index of Δ<italic>α</italic><sub>MIR</sub>= 0.33 ± 0.06<sub>stat</sub>± 0.11<sub>sys</sub>at the flare onset. We propose this as a quantitative definition for this infrared flare’s beginning, physically interpreted as the underlying electron distribution’s transition into a hard power-law distribution. This paper also reports the Submillimeter Array millimeter polarization during the flare, which shows a small, distorted, but overall CW-oriented Stokes<italic>Q</italic>–<italic>U</italic>loop during the third mid-infrared peak. Extrapolating the mid-infrared flux power law to the millimeter yields a variable flux consistent with the observed 220 GHz emission. These results, together with the Paper I modeling, plausibly suggest a single hotspot produced both the mid-infrared and millimeter variability during this event. However, additional flares are required to make a general statement about the millimeter and mid-infrared connection.</p>]]></ab></abstract>
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