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1. Search for charged-lepton flavor violation in Υ(2S) → ℓ∓τ± (ℓ = e, μ) decays at Belle

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2024)187  

   Dhamija, R; Nishida, S; Giri, A; Adachi, I; Aihara, H; Asner, D M; Aushev, T; Ayad, R; Babu, V; Bahinipati, S; et al (February 2024, Journal of High Energy Physics)

   A<sc>bstract</sc> We report a search for the charged-lepton flavor violation in Υ(2S) →ℓ^∓τ^±(ℓ=e, μ) decays using a 25 fb⁻¹Υ(2S) sample collected by the Belle detector at the KEKBe⁺e⁻asymmetric-energy collider. We find no evidence for a signal and set upper limits on the branching fractions ($$ \mathcal{B} $$ $B$ ) at 90% confidence level. We obtain the most stringent upper limits:$$ \mathcal{B} $$ $B$ (Υ(2S)→ μ^∓τ^±)<0.23×10⁻⁶and$$ \mathcal{B} $$ $B$ (Υ(2S)→ e^∓τ^±)<1.12×10⁻⁶. 

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2. Search for $$ {\textrm{B}}_{\textrm{s}}^0 $$ → ℓ∓τ± with the semi-leptonic tagging method at Belle

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2023)178  

   Nayak, L; Nishida, S; Giri, A; Adachi, I; Aihara, H; Asner, D M; Atmacan, H; Aulchenko, V; Aushev, T; Ayad, R; et al (August 2023, Journal of High Energy Physics)

   A<sc>bstract</sc> We present a search for the lepton-flavor-violating decays$$ {B}_s^0 $$ $B_s^0$ →ℓ^∓τ^±, whereℓ=e, μ, using the full data sample of 121 fb⁻¹collected at the Υ(5S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energye⁺e⁻collider. We use$$ {B}_s^0{\overline{B}}_s^0 $$ $B_s^0{\overline{B}}_s^0$ events in which one$$ {B}_s^0 $$ $B_s^0$ meson is reconstructed in a semileptonic decay mode and the other in the signal mode. We find no evidence for$$ {B}_s^0 $$ $B_s^0$ → ℓ^∓τ^±decays and set upper limits on their branching fractions at 90% confidence level as$$ \mathcal{B} $$ $B$ ($$ {B}_s^0 $$ $B_s^0$ → e^∓τ^±)<14×10⁻⁴and$$ \mathcal{B} $$ $B$ ($$ {B}_s^0 $$ $B_s^0$ → μ^∓τ^±)<7.3×10⁻⁴. Our result represents the first upper limit on the$$ {B}_s^0 $$ $B_s^0$ → e^∓τ^±decay rate. 

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3. Search for lepton-flavor-violating tau decays to ℓα at Belle

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2025)155  

   Uno, K; Hayasaka, K; Inami, K; Aihara, H; Ayad, R; Banerjee, Sw; Belous, K; Bennett, J; Bessner, M; Biswas, D; et al (August 2025, Journal of High Energy Physics)

   A<sc>bstract</sc> We report a search for the lepton-flavor-violating decaysτ^±→ℓ^±α(ℓ=e,μ), whereαis an undetected spin-0 particle, such as an axion-like particle using 736 × 10⁶tau lepton pairs collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energye⁺e⁻collider. We find no evidence of signal and obtain the most stringent upper limits on the branching fractions at 95% confidence level:$$\mathcal{B}$$(τ^±→ e^±α) < (0.4–6.4)×10⁻⁴and$$\mathcal{B}$$(τ^±→ μ^±α) < (0.2–3.5)×10⁻⁴at 95% confidence level for anαmass in the range 0.0≤ m_α≤1.6 GeV/c². 

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4. Search for long-lived heavy neutrinos in the decays of B mesons produced in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2024)183  

   Hayrapetyan, A; Tumasyan, A; Adam, W; Andrejkovic, J W; Bergauer, T; Chatterjee, S; Damanakis, K; Dragicevic, M; Hussain, P S; Jeitler, M; et al (June 2024, Journal of High Energy Physics)

   A<sc>bstract</sc> A search for long-lived heavy neutrinos (N) in the decays of B mesons produced in proton-proton collisions at$$ \sqrt{s} $$ $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 41.6 fb⁻¹collected in 2018 by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, using a dedicated data stream that enhances the number of recorded events containing B mesons. The search probes heavy neutrinos with masses in the range 1 <m_N< 3 GeV and decay lengths in the range 10⁻²<cτ_N< 10⁴mm, where τ_Nis the N proper mean lifetime. Signal events are defined by the signature B →ℓ_BNX; N →ℓ^±π^∓, where the leptonsℓ_Bandℓcan be either a muon or an electron, provided that at least one of them is a muon. The hadronic recoil system, X, is treated inclusively and is not reconstructed. No significant excess of events over the standard model background is observed in any of theℓ^±π^∓invariant mass distributions. Limits at 95% confidence level on the sum of the squares of the mixing amplitudes between heavy and light neutrinos, |V_N|², and oncτ_Nare obtained in different mixing scenarios for both Majorana and Dirac-like N particles. The most stringent upper limit|V_N|²< 2.0×10⁻⁵is obtained atm_N= 1.95 GeV for the Majorana case where N mixes exclusively with muon neutrinos. The limits on|V_N|²for masses 1 <m_N< 1.7 GeV are the most stringent from a collider experiment to date. 

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5. Search for lepton-flavor-violating τ− → μ−μ+μ− decays at Belle II

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP09(2024)062  

   Adachi, I; Aggarwal, L; Aihara, H; Akopov, N; Aloisio, A; Althubiti, N; Anh_Ky, N; Asner, D M; Atmacan, H; Aushev, V; et al (September 2024, Journal of High Energy Physics)

   A<sc>bstract</sc> We present the result of a search for the charged-lepton-flavor violating decayτ⁻→μ⁻μ⁺μ⁻using a 424 fb⁻¹sample of data recorded by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKBe⁺e⁻collider. The selection ofe⁺e⁻→τ⁺τ⁻events is based on an inclusive reconstruction of the non-signal tau decay, and on a boosted decision tree to suppress background. We observe one signal candidate, which is compatible with the expectation from background processes. We set a 90% confidence level upper limit of 1.9×10⁻⁸on the branching fraction of theτ⁻→ μ⁻μ⁺μ⁻decay, which is the most stringent bound to date. 

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