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1. CUPID, the Cuore upgrade with particle identification

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14352-1  

   Alfonso, K; Armatol, A; Augier, C; Avignone_III, F T; Azzolini, O; Barabash, A S; Bari, G; Barresi, A; Baudin, D; Bellini, F; et al (July 2025, The European Physical Journal C)

   Abstract CUPID, the CUORE Upgrade with Particle Identification, is a next-generation experiment to search for neutrinoless double beta decay ($$0\mathrm {\nu \beta \beta }$$ $0\nu \beta \beta$ ) and other rare events using enriched Li$$_{2}$$ $_2^{}$ $$^{100}$$ $_{}^{100}$ MoO$$_{4}$$ $_4^{}$ scintillating bolometers. It will be hosted by the CUORE cryostat located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. The main physics goal of CUPID is to search for$$0\mathrm {\nu \beta \beta }$$ $0\nu \beta \beta$ of$$^{100}$$ $_{}^{100}$ Mo with a discovery sensitivity covering the full neutrino mass regime in the inverted ordering scenario, as well as the portion of the normal ordering regime with lightest neutrino mass larger than 10 meV. With a conservative background index of 10$$^{-4}$$ $_{}^{-4}$  cts$$/($$ $/($ keV$$\cdot $$ $·$ kg$$\cdot $$ $·$ yr$$)$$ $)$ , 240 kg isotope mass, 5 keV FWHM energy resolution at 3 MeV and 10 live-years of data taking, CUPID will have a 90% C.L. half-life exclusion sensitivity of$$1.8\cdot 10^{27}$$ $1.8·{10}^{27}$  yr, corresponding to an effective Majorana neutrino mass ($$m_{\beta \beta }$$ $m_{\beta \beta }$ ) sensitivity of 9–15 meV, and a$$3\sigma $$ $3\sigma$ discovery sensitivity of$$1\cdot 10^{27}$$ $1·{10}^{27}$  yr, corresponding to an$$m_{\beta \beta }$$ $m_{\beta \beta }$ range of 12–21 meV. 

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2. Modular apparatus for nuclear reactions spectroscopy (MARS): characterization and first application to determine $$^{12}$$C($$^6$$Li,$$^4$$He)$$^{14}\hbox {N}^{g.s}$$ nuclear reaction cross sections

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06305-0  

   Garrido-Gómez, L; Vegas-Díaz, A; Alvarez, M_A G; Fernández-García, J P; Fernández, B; Ferrer, F J; Lopez-Aires, D (May 2025, The European Physical Journal Plus)

   Abstract This work presents MARS (Modular apparatus for nuclear reactions spectroscopy) and its characterization prior to its first application to measure$$^6$$ $_{}^6$ Li+$$^{12}$$ $_{}^{12}$ C nuclear reactions. Measurements were performed at the 3 MV tandem accelerator of the CNA (National Accelerator Center), in Seville, Spain. The$$^{6}$$ $_{}^6$ Li projectiles were accelerated at energies around the$$^6$$ $_{}^6$ Li+$$^{12}$$ $_{}^{12}$ C Coulomb barrier ($$V^{\text {cm}}_{B}\sim 3.0$$ $V_B^{\text{cm}}\sim 3.0$ MeV - center of mass and$$V^{\text {lab}}_{B}\sim 4.5$$ $V_B^{\text{lab}}\sim 4.5$ MeV - laboratory frame). Using a$$^{6}\hbox {Li}^{2+}$$ $_{}^6{\text{Li}}^{2+}$ beam, we measured at 13 laboratory energies from 4.00 to 7.75 MeV. Thus, we present the excitation function of$$^{12}$$ $_{}^{12}$ C($$^6$$ $_{}^6$ Li,$$^4$$ $_{}^4$ He)$$^{14}\hbox {N}^{g.s.}$$ $_{}^{14}{\text{N}}^{g.s.}$ reaction, at 2 backward angles ($$110.0^\circ $$ $110.0^{\circ }$ and$$140.0^\circ $$ $140.0^{\circ }$ ). The projectile dissociation, leading to this reaction, increases with the bombarding energies around the Coulomb barrier. This dissociation is favored at an optimum energy$$E_{b}^{\text {op}}$$ $E_b^{\text{op}}$ $$\ge $$ $\ge$ $$V_{B}$$ $V_B$ +$$|Q_{bu}|$$ $|Q_{\mathrm{bu}}|$ , where$$V_{B}$$ $V_B$ is the Coulomb barrier of the system, and$$|Q_{bu}|$$ $|Q_{\mathrm{bu}}|$ is the module ofQ-value for the$$^6$$ $_{}^6$ Li dissociation into$$^4$$ $_{}^4$ He+$$^2$$ $_{}^2$ H. This result corroborates a systematic analysis of weakly bound projectiles reacting on several targets [1]. 

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3. Joint neutrino oscillation analysis from the T2K and NOvA experiments

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09599-3  

   Abubakar, S; Acero, M A; Acharya, B; Adamson, P; Anfimov, N; Antoshkin, A; Arrieta-Diaz, E; Asquith, L; Aurisano, A; Azevedo, D; et al (October 2025, Nature)

   Abstract The landmark discovery that neutrinos have mass and can change type (or flavour) as they propagate—a process called neutrino oscillation^1–6—has opened up a rich array of theoretical and experimental questions being actively pursued today. Neutrino oscillation remains the most powerful experimental tool for addressing many of these questions, including whether neutrinos violate charge-parity (CP) symmetry, which has possible connections to the unexplained preponderance of matter over antimatter in the Universe^7–11. Oscillation measurements also probe the mass-squared differences between the different neutrino mass states (Δm²), whether there are two light states and a heavier one (normal ordering) or vice versa (inverted ordering), and the structure of neutrino mass and flavour mixing¹². Here we carry out the first joint analysis of datasets from NOvA¹³and T2K¹⁴, the two currently operating long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments (hundreds of kilometres of neutrino travel distance), taking advantage of our complementary experimental designs and setting new constraints on several neutrino sector parameters. This analysis provides new precision on the$$\Delta {m}_{32}^{2}$$ $\Delta m_{32}^2$ mass difference, finding$$2.4{3}_{-0.03}^{+0.04}\times 1{0}^{-3}\,{{\rm{eV}}}^{2}$$ $2.43_{-0.03}^{+0.04}\times 10^{-3}{\mathrm{eV}}^2$ in the normal ordering and$$-2.4{8}_{-0.04}^{+0.03}\times 1{0}^{-3}\,{{\rm{eV}}}^{2}$$ $-2.48_{-0.04}^{+0.03}\times 10^{-3}{\mathrm{eV}}^2$ in the inverted ordering, as well as a 3σinterval onδ_CPof [−1.38π, 0.30π] in the normal ordering and [−0.92π, −0.04π] in the inverted ordering. The data show no strong preference for either mass ordering, but notably, if inverted ordering were assumed true within the three-flavour mixing model, then our results would provide evidence of CP symmetry violation in the lepton sector. 

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4. Search for CP violation in $${{{\textrm{D}}}^{{0}}} \rightarrow {{\textrm{K}} _{\text {S}}^{{0}}} {{\textrm{K}} _{\text {S}}^{{0}}} $$ decays in proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13\,\text {Te}\hspace{-.08em}\text {V} $$

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13244-0  

   Hayrapetyan, A; Tumasyan, A; Adam, W; Andrejkovic, J W; Bergauer, T; Chatterjee, S; Damanakis, K; Dragicevic, M; Hussain, P S; Jeitler, M; et al (December 2024, The European Physical Journal C)

   Abstract A search is reported for charge-parity$$CP$$ $\mathrm{CP}$ violation in$${{{\textrm{D}}}^{{0}}} \rightarrow {{\textrm{K}} _{\text {S}}^{{0}}} {{\textrm{K}} _{\text {S}}^{{0}}} $$ ${\text{D}}^0\to {\text{K}}_{\text{S}}^0{\text{K}}_{\text{S}}^0$ decays, using data collected in proton–proton collisions at$$\sqrt{s} = 13\,\text {Te}\hspace{-.08em}\text {V} $$ $\sqrt{s}=13\text{Te}\text{V}$ recorded by the CMS experiment in 2018. The analysis uses a dedicated data set that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 41.6$$\,\text {fb}^{-1}$$ ${\text{fb}}^{-1}$ , which consists of about 10 billion events containing a pair of b hadrons, nearly all of which decay to charm hadrons. The flavor of the neutral D meson is determined by the pion charge in the reconstructed decays$${{{\textrm{D}}}^{{*+}}} \rightarrow {{{\textrm{D}}}^{{0}}} {{{\mathrm{\uppi }}}^{{+}}} $$ $\text{D}_{}^{\ast +}\to {\text{D}}^0{\pi }^{+}$ and$${{{\textrm{D}}}^{{*-}}} \rightarrow {\overline{{\textrm{D}}}^{{0}}} {{{\mathrm{\uppi }}}^{{-}}} $$ $\text{D}_{}^{\ast -}\to {\overline{\text{D}}}^0{\pi }^{-}$ . The$$CP$$ $\mathrm{CP}$ asymmetry in$${{{\textrm{D}}}^{{0}}} \rightarrow {{\textrm{K}} _{\text {S}}^{{0}}} {{\textrm{K}} _{\text {S}}^{{0}}} $$ ${\text{D}}^0\to {\text{K}}_{\text{S}}^0{\text{K}}_{\text{S}}^0$ is measured to be$$A_{CP} ({{\textrm{K}} _{\text {S}}^{{0}}} {{\textrm{K}} _{\text {S}}^{{0}}} ) = (6.2 \pm 3.0 \pm 0.2 \pm 0.8)\%$$ $A_{\mathrm{CP}}\left({\text{K}}_{\text{S}}^0{\text{K}}_{\text{S}}^0\right)=(6.2\pm 3.0\pm 0.2\pm 0.8)\%$ , where the three uncertainties represent the statistical uncertainty, the systematic uncertainty, and the uncertainty in the measurement of the$$CP$$ $\mathrm{CP}$ asymmetry in the$${{{\textrm{D}}}^{{0}}} \rightarrow {{\textrm{K}} _{\text {S}}^{{0}}} {{{\mathrm{\uppi }}}^{{+}}} {{{\mathrm{\uppi }}}^{{-}}} $$ ${\text{D}}^0\to {\text{K}}_{\text{S}}^0{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ decay. This is the first$$CP$$ $\mathrm{CP}$ asymmetry measurement by CMS in the charm sector as well as the first to utilize a fully hadronic final state. 

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5. Multiplicity dependence of f$$_{\textbf{0}}$$(980) production in pp collisions at $$\mathbf {\sqrt{s}}=$$ 13 TeV

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-15205-7  

   Abualrob, I J; Acharya, S; Aglieri_Rinella, G; Aglietta, L; Agnello, M; Agrawal, N; Ahammed, Z; Ahmad, S; Ahuja, I; Akbar, ZUL; et al (January 2026, The European Physical Journal C)

   Abstract The dependence of$$\textrm{f}_{0}$$ ${\text{f}}_0$ (980) production on the final-state charged-particle multiplicity is reported for proton–proton (pp) collisions at the centre-of-mass energy,$$\sqrt{s}=$$ $\sqrt{s}=$  13 TeV. The production of$$\textrm{f}_{0}$$ ${\text{f}}_0$ (980) is measured with the ALICE detector via the$$\textrm{f}_0 (980) \rightarrow \pi ^{+}\pi ^{-}$$ ${\text{f}}_0\left(980\right)\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ decay channel in a midrapidity region of$$|y|<$$ $\left|y\right|<$  0.5. The evolution of the integrated yields and mean transverse momentum of f$$_{0}$$ $_0^{}$ (980) as a function of charged-particle multiplicity measured in pp at$$\sqrt{s}=$$ $\sqrt{s}=$  13 TeV follows the trends observed in pp at$$\sqrt{s}=$$ $\sqrt{s}=$  5.02 TeV and in proton–lead (p–Pb) collisions at$$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}=$$ $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}=$  5.02 TeV. Particle yield ratios of$$\textrm{f}_{0}$$ ${\text{f}}_0$ (980) to$$\pi ^{\pm }$$ ${\pi }^{\pm }$ and$$\textrm{K}^{*}$$ $\text{K}_{}^{\ast }$ (892)$$^{0}$$ $_{}^0$ are found to decrease with increasing charged-particle multiplicity. These particle ratios are compared with calculations from the canonical statistical thermal model as a function of charged-particle multiplicity. The thermal model calculations provide a better description of the decreasing trend of particle ratios when no strange or antistrange quark composition for f$$_{0}$$ $_0^{}$ (980) is assumed, which suggests that the data do not support significant hidden strangeness in the$$\textrm{f}_{0} (980)$$ ${\text{f}}_0\left(980\right)$ . 

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