%AAndres, Ryan%AAndres, Ryan%AConeva, Viktoriya%AConeva, Viktoriya%AFrank, Margaret%AFrank, Margaret%ATuttle, John%ATuttle, John%ASamayoa, Luis%ASamayoa, Luis%AHan, Sang-Won%AHan, Sang-Won%AKaur, Baljinder%AKaur, Baljinder%AZhu, Linglong%AZhu, Linglong%AFang, Hui%AFang, Hui%ABowman, Daryl%ABowman, Daryl%ARojas-Pierce, Marcela%ARojas-Pierce, Marcela%AHaigler, Candace%AHaigler, Candace%AJones, Don%AJones, Don%AHolland, James%AHolland, James%AChitwood, Daniel%AChitwood, Daniel%AKuraparthy, Vasu%AKuraparthy, Vasu%BJournal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences; Journal Volume: 114; Journal Issue: 1; Related Information: CHORUS Timestamp: 2019-12-11 15:44:48 %D2016%IProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences %JJournal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences; Journal Volume: 114; Journal Issue: 1; Related Information: CHORUS Timestamp: 2019-12-11 15:44:48 %K %MOSTI ID: 10021787 %PMedium: X %TModifications to a LATE MERISTEM IDENTITY1 gene are responsible for the major leaf shapes of Upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) %X

Leaf shape varies spectacularly among plants. Leaves are the primary source of photoassimilate in crop plants, and understanding the genetic basis of variation in leaf morphology is critical to improving agricultural productivity. Leaf shape played a unique role in cotton improvement, as breeders have selected for entire and lobed leaf morphs resulting from a single locus,okra(l-D1), which is responsible for the major leaf shapes in cotton. Thel-D1locus is not only of agricultural importance in cotton, but through pioneering chimeric and morphometric studies, it has contributed to fundamental knowledge about leaf development. Here we show that an HD-Zip transcription factor homologous to theLATE MERISTEM IDENTITY1(LMI1) gene ofArabidopsisis the causal gene underlying thel-D1locus. The classicalokraleaf shape allele has a 133-bp tandem duplication in the promoter, correlated with elevated expression, whereas an 8-bp deletion in the third exon of the presumed wild-typenormalallele causes a frame-shifted and truncated coding sequence. Our results indicate thatsubokrais the ancestral leaf shape of tetraploid cotton that gave rise to theokraallele and thatnormalis a derived mutant allele that came to predominate and define the leaf shape of cultivated cotton. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of theLMI1-like gene in anokravariety was sufficient to induce normal leaf formation. The developmental changes in leaves conferred by this gene are associated with a photosynthetic transcriptomic signature, substantiating its use by breeders to produce a superior cotton ideotype.

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