%AMuhlfeld, Clint [Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center U.S. Geological Survey West Glacier MT USA, Flathead Lake Biological Station Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Polson MT USA]%AKovach, Ryan [Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center U.S. Geological Survey West Glacier MT USA]%AAl‐Chokhachy, Robert [Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center U.S. Geological Survey Bozeman MT USA]%AAmish, Stephen [Flathead Lake Biological Station Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Polson MT USA]%AKershner, Jeffrey [Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center U.S. Geological Survey Bozeman MT USA]%ALeary, Robb [Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks Missoula MT USA]%ALowe, Winsor [Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula MT USA]%ALuikart, Gordon [Flathead Lake Biological Station Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Polson MT USA]%AMatson, Phil [Flathead Lake Biological Station Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Polson MT USA]%ASchmetterling, David [Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks Missoula MT USA]%AShepard, Bradley [B.B. Shepard &, Associates Livingston MT USA]%AWestley, Peter [School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks AK USA]%AWhited, Diane [Flathead Lake Biological Station Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Polson MT USA]%AWhiteley, Andrew [Wildlife Biology Program Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences College of Forestry and Conservation University of Montana Missoula MT USA]%AAllendorf, Fred [Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula MT USA]%BJournal Name: Global Change Biology; Journal Volume: 23; Journal Issue: 11; Related Information: CHORUS Timestamp: 2023-09-17 10:56:41 %D2017%IWiley-Blackwell %JJournal Name: Global Change Biology; Journal Volume: 23; Journal Issue: 11; Related Information: CHORUS Timestamp: 2023-09-17 10:56:41 %K %MOSTI ID: 10035417 %PMedium: X %TLegacy introductions and climatic variation explain spatiotemporal patterns of invasive hybridization in a native trout %XAbstract

Hybridization between invasive and native species, a significant threat to worldwide biodiversity, is predicted to increase due to climate‐induced expansions of invasive species. Long‐term research and monitoring are crucial for understanding the ecological and evolutionary processes that modulate the effects of invasive species. Using a large, multidecade genetics dataset (= 582 sites, 12,878 individuals) with high‐resolution climate predictions and extensive stocking records, we evaluate the spatiotemporal dynamics of hybridization between native cutthroat trout and invasive rainbow trout, the world's most widely introduced invasive fish, across the Northern Rocky Mountains of the United States. Historical effects of stocking and contemporary patterns of climatic variation were strongly related to the spread of hybridization across space and time. The probability of occurrence, extent of, and temporal changes in hybridization increased at sites in close proximity to historical stocking locations with greater rainbow trout propagule pressure, warmer water temperatures, and lower spring precipitation. Although locations with warmer water temperatures were more prone to hybridization, cold sites were not protected from invasion; 58% of hybridized sites had cold mean summer water temperatures (<11°C). Despite cessation of stocking over 40 years ago, hybridization increased over time at half (50%) of the locations with long‐term data, the vast majority of which (74%) were initially nonhybridized, emphasizing the chronic, negative impacts of human‐mediated hybridization. These results show that effects of climate change on biodiversity must be analyzed in the context of historical human impacts that set ecological and evolutionary trajectories.

%0Journal Article