%AAndrus, Robert [Department of Geography University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA]%AAndrus, Robert [Department of Geography; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA]%AHarvey, Brian [School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA]%AHarvey, Brian [School of Environmental and Forest Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA]%ARodman, Kyle [Department of Geography University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA]%ARodman, Kyle [Department of Geography; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA]%AHart, Sarah [School of the Environment; Washington State University; Pullman Washington USA]%AHart, Sarah [School of the Environment Washington State University Pullman Washington USA]%AVeblen, Thomas [Department of Geography University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA]%AVeblen, Thomas [Department of Geography; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA]%BJournal Name: Ecology; Journal Volume: 99; Journal Issue: 3; Related Information: CHORUS Timestamp: 2023-09-24 04:08:58 %D2018%IWiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons) %JJournal Name: Ecology; Journal Volume: 99; Journal Issue: 3; Related Information: CHORUS Timestamp: 2023-09-24 04:08:58 %K %MOSTI ID: 10053559 %PMedium: X %TMoisture availability limits subalpine tree establishment %X
In the absence of broad‐scale disturbance, many temperate coniferous forests experience successful seedling establishment only when abundant seed production coincides with favorable climate. Identifying the frequency of past establishment events and the climate conditions favorable for seedling establishment is essential to understanding how climate warming could affect the frequency of future tree establishment events and therefore future forest composition or even persistence of a forest cover. In the southern Rocky Mountains, USA, research on the sensitivity of establishment of Engelmann spruce (