%ACranmer, Kyle%ACranmer, Kyle%ABrehmer, Johann%ABrehmer, Johann%ALouppe, Gilles%ALouppe, Gilles%BJournal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences; Journal Volume: 117; Journal Issue: 48; Related Information: CHORUS Timestamp: 2020-12-01 18:12:47 %D2020%IProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences %JJournal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences; Journal Volume: 117; Journal Issue: 48; Related Information: CHORUS Timestamp: 2020-12-01 18:12:47 %K %MOSTI ID: 10157149 %PMedium: X %TThe frontier of simulation-based inference %X

Many domains of science have developed complex simulations to describe phenomena of interest. While these simulations provide high-fidelity models, they are poorly suited for inference and lead to challenging inverse problems. We review the rapidly developing field of simulation-based inference and identify the forces giving additional momentum to the field. Finally, we describe how the frontier is expanding so that a broad audience can appreciate the profound influence these developments may have on science.

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