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  1. Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cells generate electricity by converting infrared radiation emitted by a hot thermal source. Air-bridge TPVs have demonstrated enhanced power conversion efficiencies by recuperating a large amount of power carried by below-bandgap (out-of-band) photons. Here, we demonstrate single-junction InGaAs(P) air-bridge TPVs that exhibit up to 44% efficiency under 1435°C blackbody illumination. The air-bridge design leads to near-unity reflectance (97-99%) of out-of-band photons for ternary and quaternary TPVs whose bandgaps range from 0.74 to 1.1 eV. These results suggest the applicability of the air-bridge cells to a range of semiconductor systems suitable for electricity generation from thermal sources found in both consumer and industrial applications, including thermal batteries. 
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    Free, publicly-accessible full text available May 22, 2025