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Abstract The mesh-web weaver family Dictynidae s.l. has been labelled a ‘tailor’s drawer’ family because it contains taxonomically unorganized and often evolutionarily distant species. Previous molecular phylogenetic studies using limited taxonomic sampling and legacy target genes involving representatives of the family have been consistent in: (i) exhibiting low branch support values and (ii) the recovery of genera and species currently classified as dictynids outside of Dictynidae. The genera within the family and the relationships among dictynid genera have never been rigorously tested using genomic-scale data. Here, we use exemplar dictynid species from the most currently recognized dictynid genera and ultraconserved elements (UCEs) recovered in silico from low-coverage, whole-genome sequencing plus Sanger data to resolve the phylogenetic placement and relationships of genera within the family Dictynidae s.l. The resulting phylogeny, along with morphological evidence, supports several taxonomic updates to the group: Argyronetidae stat. reinst., Lathyidae fam. n., and Dictynidae s.s. are included in Dictynoidea. Argyronetidae stat. reinst. include the genera Altella, Arctella, Argenna, Argyroneta, Chaerea, Devade, Hackmania, Iviella, Mizaga, Paratheuma, Saltonia, Tricholathys. The family Lathyidae fam. n. is proposed to include the genera Afrolathys gen. n. (Af. madagascariensis sp. n. and Af. tanzanica sp. n.), Analtella stat. reinst. (Analtella affinis comb. n., Analtella dentichelis comb. n., Analtella narbonensis comb. n., Analtella pygmaea comb. n., and Analtella teideensis comb. n.), Andronova gen. n. (Andronova alberta comb. n., Andronova annulata comb. n., Andronova. arabs comb. n., Andronova cambridgei comb. n., Andronova dihamata comb. n., Andronova lehtineni comb. n., Andronova maculosa comb. n., Andronova spasskyi comb. n., Andronova subalberta comb. n., Andronova subviridis comb. n., and Andronova sylvania comb. n.), Asialathys gen. n. (As. deltoidea comb. n., As. fibulata comb. n., As. huangyangjieensis comb. n., As. spiralis comb. n., and As. zhanfengi comb. n.), Bannaella (B. lhasana, B. sexoculata comb. n., B. sinuata, and B. tibialis), Denticulathys gen. n. (D. amaataaidoo sp. n.), Langlibaitiao (Langlibaitiao chishuiensis, Langlibaitiao inaffectus, Langlibaitiao insulanus comb. n., and Langlibaitiao zhangshun), Lathys s.s. (Lathys bin, Lathys borealis, Lathysbrevitibialis, Lathyscoralynae, Lathysdixiana, Lathysfoxi, Lathysheterophthalma, Lathyshumilis, Lathyshumilis meridionalis, Lathyslepida, Lathysmantarota, Lathys sexpustulata, Lathys spiralis, and Lathys subhumilis), Scotolathys s.s. (S. delicatula stat. reinst., S. immaculata stat. reinst., S. maculina stat. reinst., S. pallida stat. reinst., and S. simplex), Tolokonniella gen. n. Tolokonniella ankaraensis comb. n., Tolokonniella mallorcensis comb. n., Tolokonniella maura comb. n., Tolokonniella stigmatisata comb. n., and Tolokonniella truncata comb. n.). Finally, Dictynidae s.s. are strongly supported to include the genera Adenodictyna, Ajmonia (Aj. changtunesis comb. n.) Anaxibia, Arangina, Archaeodictyna (Archaeodictyna aguasverdes comb. n., Archaeodictyna bispinosa comb. n., Archaeodictyna fuerteventurensis comb. n., and Archaeodictyna lanzarotensis comb. n.), Arethyna gen. n. (Arethyna coloradensis comb. n., Arethynaidahoana comb. n., Arethyna osceola comb. n., Arethyna personata comb. n., Arethyna peon comb. n., Arethyna saltona comb. n., Arethyna secuta comb. n., Arethyna sierra comb. n., Arethyna ubsunurica comb. n., Arethyna volucripes comb. n., and Arethyna volucripes volucripoides comb. n.), Argennina, Atelolathys, Banaidja, Brigittea (B. colona comb. n.), Califorenigma gen. n. (C. linsdalei comb. n.), Callevophthalmus, Dictyna (D. abundans, D. alaskae, D. albicoma, D. albovittata, D. alyceae, D. apacheca, D. arundinacea, D. bostoniensis, D. brevitarsus, D. cafayate, D. chandrai, D. cofete, D. columbiana, D. cronebergi, D. crosbyi, D. dauna, D. ectrapela, D. fluminensis, D. guineensis, D. hamifera, D. kosiorowiczi, D. laeviceps, D. linzhiensis, D. livida, D. marilina, D. moctezuma, D. namulinensis, D. navajoa, D. pictella, D. procerula, D. pusilla, D. quadrispinosa, D. ranchograndei, D. saepei, D. similis, D. simoni, D. sinaloa, D. siniloanensis, D. tarda, D. togata, D. tristis, D. trivirgata, D. tullgreni, D. turbida, D. uncinata, D. uvs, D. vittata, D. vultuosa, and D. yongshun), Dictynomorpha, Emblyna (E. acoreensis, E. aiko, E. altamira, E. ampla, E. angulata, E. annulipes, E. ardea, E. artemisia, E. borealis, E. borealis cavernosa, E. branchi, E. brevidens, E. budarini, E. burjatica, E. callida, E. capens, E. cavata comb. n., E. chitina, E. completa, E. completoides, E. consulta, E. cornupeta, E. coweta, E. crocana, E. decaprini, E. evicta, E. florens, E. formicaria, E. hentzi, E. horta, E. hoya, E. joaquina, E. lina, E. linda, E. manitoba, E. marissa, E. melva, E. nanda, E. oasa, E. palomara, E. pinalia, E. piratica, E. peragrata, E. reticulata, E. roscida, E. saylori, E. scotta, E. seminola, E. shasta, E. shoshonea, E. stulta, E. sublatoides, E. suwanea, and E. zaba), Eriena gen. n. (Er. minuta comb. n. and Er. mora comb. n.), Helenactyna, Khalotyna gen. n. (K. calcarata comb. n.), Kharitonovia, Mallos, Marilynia, Mashimo, Mexitlia, Myanmardictyna, Nigma, Nopalityna gen. n. (N. francisca comb. n., N. jonesae comb. n., N. orbiculata comb. n., N. sublata comb. n., N. suprenans comb. n., and N. uintana comb. n.), Pangunus gen. n. (Pa. kaszabi comb. n., Pa. umai comb. n., and Pa. xizangensis comb. n.), Paradictyna, Penangodyna, Phantyna, (Ph. agressa comb. n. and Ph. formidolosa comb. n.), Purplecorna gen. n. (Pu. gloria comb. n., Pu. guerrerensis comb. n., Pu. incredula comb. n., Pu. lecta comb. n., Pu. meditata comb. n., Pu. miniata comb. n., and Pu. terrestris comb. n.), Rhion, Shango, Shikibutyna gen. n. (Sh. felis comb. n., Sh. follicola comb. n., Sh. guanchae comb. n., Sh. mongolica comb. n., Sh. procerula comb. n., Sh. schmidti comb. n., Sh. szaboi comb. n., Sh. wangi comb. n., Sh. xizangensis comb. n., and Sh. zherikhini comb. n.), Simziella gen. n. (Si. annexa comb. n., Si. cebolla comb. n., Si. dunini comb. n., Si. major comb. n., Si. palmgreni comb. n., Si. paramajor comb. n., Si. sancta comb. n., Si. sotnik comb. n., Si. sylvania comb. n., Si. tridentata comb. n., Si. tucsona comb. n., Si. tyshchenkoi comb. n., Si. tyshchenkoi wrangeliana comb. n., Si. canadas comb. n., and Si. teideensis comb. n.), Spagnius gen. n. (Sp. albopilosa comb. n., Sp. foliacea comb. n., Sp. jacalana comb. n., and Sp. nebraska comb. n.), Sudesna, Tahuantina, Thallumetus, Tivyna (Ti. sonora comb. n.), Tolkienus gen. n. (Tolkienus armatus comb. n., Tolkienus bellans comb. n., Tolkienus bellans hatchi comb. n., Tolkienus estoc sp. n., Tolkienus ottoi comb. n., and Tolkienus longispina comb. n.), and Viridictyna. This study begins to remedy the dearth of systematic knowledge about this incredibly diverse spider group and fills knowledge gaps in the tree of life for little brown spiders. 

This paper explores an iterative approach to solve linear thermo-poroelasticity problems, with its application as a high-fidelity discretization utilizing finite elements during the training of projection-based reduced order models. One of the main challenges in addressing coupled multi-physics problems is the complexity and computational expenses involved. In this study, we introduce a decoupled iterative solution approach, integrated with reduced order modeling, aimed at augmenting the efficiency of the computational algorithm. The iterative technique we employ builds upon the established fixed-stress splitting scheme that has been extensively investigated for Biot’s poroelasticity. By leveraging solutions derived from this coupled iterative scheme, the reduced order model employs an additional Galerkin projection onto a reduced basis space formed by a small number of modes obtained through proper orthogonal decomposition. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through numerical experiments, showcasing its computational prowess. 

Abstract Relationships among spider families that lack support through other lines of evidence (e.g., morphology) have recently been uncovered through molecular phylogenetics. One such group is the “marronoid” clade, which contains about 3,400 described species in 9 families. Marronoids run the gamut of life history strategies, with social species, species producing a variety of silk types, and species occurring in a range of extreme environments. Despite recognition of the ecological variability in the group, there remains uncertainty about family- level relationships, leaving diverse ecologies without an evolutionary context. The phylogenies produced to date have relatively low nodal support, there are few defined morphological synapomorphies, and the internal relationships of many families remain unclear. We use 93 exemplars from all marronoid families and ultraconserved element loci captured in silico from a combination of 48 novel low-coverage whole genomes and genomic data from the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) to produce a 50% occupancy matrix of 1,277 loci from a set of ultraconserved element probes. These loci were used to infer a phylogeny of the marronoid clade and to evaluate the familial relationships within the clade, and were combined with single-locus (Sanger) legacy data to further increase taxonomic sampling. Our results indicate a clearly defined and well-supported marronoid clade and provide evidence for both monophyly and paraphyly within the currently defined families of the clade. We propose taxonomic changes in accordance with the resulting phylogenetic hypothesis, including elevating Cicurinidae (restored status) and Macrobunidae (new rank).