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Abstract Warming temperatures elicit shifts in habitat use and geographic distributions of fishes, with uneven effects across life stages. Spawners and embryos often have narrower thermal tolerances than other life stages, and are thus particularly sensitive to warming. Here, we examine the spatiotemporal variability of thermal spawning habitat for Pacific cod in the eastern Bering Sea. Specifically, we use bottom temperatures from downscaled global climate models coupled with an experimentally-derived hatch success and temperature relationship to predict how the spatial extent, mean latitude, and consistency of thermal spawning habitat has varied over time. Predictions are validated with observations of spawning adults and early larvae. We find that habitat availability has not increased in the past but is predicted to increase and shift northward in the future, particularly if no climate change mitigation occurs. Habitat hotspots are consistent across shorter time periods but do shift across the shelf by the end of the century such that highly suitable areas in the past and present are not predicted to be suitable in the future. This work highlights the importance of coupling experimental data with climate models to identify the complex and mechanistic dynamics among temperature, life histories, and ecology, particularly under climate change. 

Abstract Proportional electroluminescence (EL) in noble gases is used in two-phase detectors for dark matter searches to record (in the gas phase) the ionization signal induced by particle scattering in the liquid phase. The “standard” EL mechanism is considered to be due to noble gas excimer emission in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV). In addition, there are two alternative mechanisms, producing light in the visible and near infrared (NIR) ranges. The first is due to bremsstrahlung of electrons scattered on neutral atoms (“neutral bremsstrahlung”, NBrS). The second, responsible for electron avalanche scintillation in the NIR at higher electric fields, is due to transitions between excited atomic states. In this work, we have for the first time demonstrated two alternative techniques of the optical readout of two-phase argon detectors, in the visible and NIR range, using a silicon photomultiplier matrix and electroluminescence due to either neutral bremsstrahlung or avalanche scintillation. The amplitude yield and position resolution were measured for these readout techniques, which allowed to assess the detection threshold for electron and nuclear recoils in two-phase argon detectors for dark matter searches. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first practical application of the NBrS effect in detection science.