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Abstract In this first report of endoparasites from endemic land-mammals of the Galápagos Islands, we describe a new species of cestode of the genusRaillietina(Cyclophyllidea: Davaineidae) from a species ofNesoryzomysand summarize the extent of helminth parasitism in both oryzomyine endemics and introduced species ofRattus. Up to the current time, no helminth parasites have been reported from rodents of the Galápagos, and little work has yet been done describing and synthesizing Galápagos parasite diversity. In historical times, several species of autochthonous rodents have occupied the islands including:Nesoryzomys narboroughiHeller 1904,N. fernandinaeHutterer and Hirsch 1979,N. swarthiOrr, 1938, andAegialomys galapagoensis(Waterhouse, 1839). Colonization of the islands by humans brought 3 known species of synanthropic rodents:Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus, andMus musculuswhich are suspected to have caused the extinction of at least 3 other oryzomyines in historical times.