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Model organisms represent an invaluable resource for fundamental and applied research allowing the identification of the mechanistic basis of evolutionary innovations. This Research Topic showcases studies performed on established and emerging model organisms in Plant Developmental Biology that have broad significance to the field. Increased phylogenetic breadth and availability of genomes and transgenic techniques have fostered innovative ideas and syntheses spanning the range from fossil analyses to single-cell sequencing. However, broad taxonomic applicability of the knowledge gained from studies on model organisms and relevance to the field of Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Evo-Devo) often remains unresolved. To address such questions, this Research Topic focuses on new insights, latest discoveries, current challenges, and future perspectives on the use of model organisms and the extent to which the knowledge gained from them can be extrapolated. Authors were encouraged to identify the greatest unifying concepts in their sub-disciplines, as well as to put forward potential solutions to address the challenges emerging from the use of model plants.