skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Search for: All records

Creators/Authors contains: "Frey, Sara"

Note: When clicking on a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) number, you will be taken to an external site maintained by the publisher. Some full text articles may not yet be available without a charge during the embargo (administrative interval).
What is a DOI Number?

Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site.

  1. Among ongoing eforts to broaden participation in K–12 computer science (CS) education, the Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science Principles (CSP) course receives a lot of attention. While prior research has shown increased participation among some his- torically underrepresented groups, little is known about how the course serves students with disabilities. This study examines participation patterns of students with dis- abilities in CSP courses across 230 public schools in Pennsylvania during the 2022–2023 academic year. Drawing on statewide enroll- ment data from 306 CSP courses, we conducted a series of statistical analyses to investigate relationships between student participation and school-level capacity factors identifed by the Capacity, Ac- cess, Participation, and Experience (CAPE) framework, including teacher experience, school funding, and locale. Findings show that many factors have a small, but statistically signifcant infuence. However, CSP courses labeled as AP were associated with signif- cantly lower participation rates among students with disabilities, compared to CSP courses without the designation. These fndings suggest that course labeling and underlying assumptions about aca- demic rigor may unintentionally limit opportunities for students with disabilities. 
    more » « less
    Free, publicly-accessible full text available February 18, 2027