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Free, publicly-accessible full text available August 1, 2025
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Abstract We develop two totally decoupled, linear and second‐order accurate numerical methods that are unconditionally energy stable for solving the Cahn–Hilliard–Darcy equations for two phase flows in porous media or in a Hele‐Shaw cell. The implicit‐explicit Crank–Nicolson leapfrog method is employed for the discretization of the Cahn–Hiliard equation to obtain linear schemes. Furthermore the artificial compression technique and pressure correction methods are utilized, respectively, so that the Cahn–Hiliard equation and the update of the Darcy pressure can be solved independently. We establish unconditionally long time stability of the schemes. Ample numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the numerical methods, including simulations of the Rayleigh–Taylor instability, the Saffman–Taylor instability (fingering phenomenon).
Free, publicly-accessible full text available July 1, 2025 -
In this article, we consider a phase field model with different densities and viscosities for the coupled two-phase porous media flow and two-phase free flow, as well as the corresponding numerical simulation. This model consists of three parts: a Cahn–Hilliard–Darcy system with different densities/viscosities describing the porous media flow in matrix, a Cahn–Hilliard–Navier–Stokes system with different densities/viscosities describing the free fluid in conduit, and seven interface conditions coupling the flows in the matrix and the conduit. Based on the separate Cahn–Hilliard equations in the porous media region and the free flow region, a weak formulation is proposed to incorporate the two-phase systems of the two regions and the seven interface conditions between them, and the corresponding energy law is proved for the model. A fully decoupled numerical scheme, including the novel decoupling of the Cahn–Hilliard equations through the four phase interface conditions, is developed to solve this coupled nonlinear phase field model. An energy-law preservation is analyzed for the temporal semi-discretization scheme. Furthermore, a fully discretized Galerkin finite element method is proposed. Six numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the accuracy, discrete energy law, and applicability of the proposed fully decoupled scheme.more » « less
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Abstract In this paper, we establish the fully decoupled numerical methods by utilizing scalar auxiliary variable approach for solving Cahn–Hilliard–Darcy system. We exploit the operator splitting technique to decouple the coupled system and Galerkin finite element method in space to construct the fully discrete formulation. The developed numerical methods have the features of second order accuracy, totally decoupling, linearization, and unconditional energy stability. The unconditionally stability of the two proposed decoupled numerical schemes are rigorously proved. Abundant numerical results are reported to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of proposed numerical methods.