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The primary goal in designing wind turbine blades is to maximize aerodynamic efficiency. One promising approach to achieve this is by modifying the blade geometry, with winglets to the tip. Winglets are intended to reduce the strength of the tip vortices, thereby reducing induced drag, increasing torque, and, ultimately, improving the power output of the wind turbines. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were utilized to assess the aerodynamic performance of wind turbine blades with and without winglets at various wind speeds (5, 7, 10, 13, 15, 20, and 25 m/s). The results indicate that winglets have a limited effect at low (5 and 7 m/s) and high (20 and 25 m/s) wind speeds due to fully attached and separated flows over the blade surface. However, within the 10–15 m/s range, winglets significantly enhance torque and power output. While this increased power generation is beneficial, it is essential to consider the potential impact of the associated increase in thrust force on turbine stability. 

The aerodynamic shapes of the blades are of great importance in wind turbine design to achieve better overall turbine performance. Fluid–structure interaction (FSI) analyses are normally carried out to take into consideration the effects due to the loads between the air flow and the turbine structures. A structural integrity check can then be performed, and the structural/material design can be optimized accordingly. In this study, three different tip shapes are investigated based on the original blade of the test wind turbine (Phase VI) from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). A one-way coupled simulation of FSI is conducted, and results with a focus on stresses and deformations along the span of the blade are investigated. The results show that tip modifications of the blade have the potential to effectively increase the power generation of wind turbines while ensuring adequate structural strength. Furthermore, instead of using more complicated but computationally expensive techniques, this study demonstrates an effective approach to making quality observations of this highly nonlinear phenomenon for wind turbine blade design.