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To estimate the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content in the Site U1543 sediment core samples retrieved during International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 383 at high downcore resolution, the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning Ca data, at a spacing of every 10 mm downcore, were calibrated using a total of 118 coulometry-based discrete CaCO3 analyses from the upper 30 meters composite depth (mcd) along the splice. To remove the volume measurement problems of XRF and estimating CaCO3 contents quantitatively, first, raw XRF peak areas were scaled to reduce the effect resulting from the differences in efficiency at absorbing X-rays. Then, the scaled XRF scanning data were normalized to adjust the variability of the amount of XRF peak areas due to porosity and calibrated to properly estimate CaCO3 content. Based on the quality assessment, the calibrated XRF CaCO3 estimates are within ±4.50 wt% of the discrete measurements (1 standard deviation). This data report presents a discrete CaCO3 measurement data set, a normalized median-scaled XRF data set, and XRF CaCO3 estimates on the core depth below seafloor, Method A (CSF-A), and core composite depth below seafloor, Method A (CCSF-A), depth scales.