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This paper presents a wireless and stand-alone subminiature propeller based on acoustic propulsion for the underwater robotic applications. The acoustic propulsion is generated by a MEMS-based self-focusing acoustic transducer (SFAT), fabricated on 1-mm-thick lead zirconate titanate (PZT) substrate, and operated at its thickness mode resonant frequency of 2.32 MHz. A 100F lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) is used as a power source due to its high energy and power densities. A drive electronic circuit is implemented on a flexible printed circuit board (PCB) and delivers 30Vpp sinusoidal signal to the acoustic propeller. The completed system is 18 x 18 x 38 mm3more »Free, publicly-accessible full text available June 5, 2023
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The electrochemical doping/dedoping kinetics, and the organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) performance of a series of polythiophene homopolymers with ethylene glycol units in their side chains using both kosmotropic and chaotropic anion solutions were studied. We compare their performance to a reference polymer, the polythiophene derivative with diethylene glycol side chains, poly(3-{[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]methyl}thiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3MEEMT). We find larger OECT material figure of merit, μC *, where μ is the carrier mobility and C * is the volumetric capacitance, and faster doping kinetics with more oxygen atoms on the side chains, and if the oxygen atom is farther from the polythiophene backbone. Replacing themore »Free, publicly-accessible full text available May 17, 2023
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When a group member commits wrongdoing, people sometimes assign responsibility and blame not only to the wrongdoer but also to other members of the same group. We examined such assignment of collective responsibility in the context of exploitation of one family by another. Participants were recruited from the United States and South Korea, which are known to vary in cultural norms and endorsement of collectivistic values. Participants in both countries rated the degree to which an agent (grandson) should be held responsible for his grandfather’s exploitation of a victimized family, while varying the closeness of familial connection. Participants’ responsibility judgmentsmore »Free, publicly-accessible full text available January 1, 2023
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available March 1, 2023
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available January 1, 2023
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Abstract Background Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is the most widely used probiotic, but the mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects remain unresolved. Previous studies typically inoculated LGG in hosts with established gut microbiota, limiting the understanding of specific impacts of LGG on host due to numerous interactions among LGG, commensal microbes, and the host. There has been a scarcity of studies that used gnotobiotic animals to elucidate LGG-host interaction, in particular for gaining specific insights about how it modifies the metabolome. To evaluate whether LGG affects the metabolite output of pathobionts, we inoculated with LGG gnotobiotic mice containing Propionibacterium acnes, Turicibactermore »Free, publicly-accessible full text available December 1, 2022
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Ultrafast resonant soft x-ray scattering is used to monitor the dynamics of the charge density wave order in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6+x .Free, publicly-accessible full text available May 20, 2023
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available November 1, 2022
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available July 16, 2022
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We report on the use of extreme ultraviolet (XUV, 30.3 nm) radiation from the Free-electron LASer in Hamburg (FLASH) and visible (Vis, 405 nm) photons from an optical laser to investigate the relaxation and fragmentation dynamics of fluorene ions. The ultrashort laser pulses allow to resolve the molecular processes occurring on the femtosecond timescales. Fluorene is a prototypical small polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). Through their infrared emission signature, PAHs have been shown to be ubiquitous in the universe, and they are assumed to play an important role in the chemistry of the interstellar medium. Our experiments track the ionization and dissociative ionizationmore »Free, publicly-accessible full text available May 12, 2023