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Reduced-nitrogen compounds (RNC), such as ammonia and amines, play important roles in atmospheric aerosol nucleation, secondary organic aerosol (SOA), and cloud formation processes. Fast measurements of ammonia and amines are made with a chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS). Clusters containing RNC are measured with an atmospheric pressure interface time of flight mass spectrometer (APi-TOF) or chemical ionization APi-TOF (CI-APi-TOF). Aerosol-phase amines can be detected with a single particle mass spectrometer at real-time, or with offline chemical analytical methods using filter samples. However, the application of these instruments in real atmospheric measurements is still very limited. This perspective article highlights recentmore »Free, publicly-accessible full text available April 6, 2023
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available February 1, 2023
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Abstract We present a background model for dark matter searches using an array of NaI(Tl) crystals in the COSINE-100 experiment that is located in the Yangyang underground laboratory. The model includes background contributions from both internal and external sources, including cosmogenic radionuclides and surface $$^{210}$$ 210 Pb contamination. To build the model in the low energy region, with a threshold of 1 keV, we used a depth profile of $$^{210}$$ 210 Pb contamination in the surface of the NaI(Tl) crystals determined in a comparison between measured and simulated spectra. We also considered the effect of the energy scale errors propagated frommore »Free, publicly-accessible full text available September 1, 2022
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Abstract We report the identification of metastable isomeric states of
Ac at 6.28 keV, 6.67 keV and 20.19 keV, with lifetimes of an order of 100 ns. These states are produced by the$$^{228}$$ -decay of$$\beta $$ Ra, a component of the$$^{228}$$ Th decay chain, with$$^{232}$$ Q-values of 39.52 keV, 39.13 keV and 25.61 keV, respectively. Due to the low Q-value of$$\beta $$ Ra as well as the relative abundance of$$^{228}$$ Th and their progeny in low background experiments, these observations potentially impact the low-energy background modeling of dark matter search experiments.$$^{232}$$ -
Study of the doubly charmed tetraquark $${{{{{{\rm{T}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\rm{c}}}}}}{{{{{\rm{c}}}}}}}^{+}$$Abstract Quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong force, describes interactions of coloured quarks and gluons and the formation of hadronic matter. Conventional hadronic matter consists of baryons and mesons made of three quarks and quark-antiquark pairs, respectively. Particles with an alternative quark content are known as exotic states. Here a study is reported of an exotic narrow state in the D 0 D 0 π + mass spectrum just below the D *+ D 0 mass threshold produced in proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The state is consistent with the ground isoscalarmore »Free, publicly-accessible full text available December 1, 2023
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Mass loss from the Amundsen Sea sector of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet has increased in recent decades, suggestive of sus- tained ocean forcing or an ongoing, possibly unstable, response to a past climate anomaly. Lengthening satellite records appear to be incompatible with either process, however, revealing both periodic hiatuses in acceleration and intermittent episodes of thinning. Here we use ocean temperature, salinity, dissolved-oxygen and current measurements taken from 2000 to 2016 near the Dotson Ice Shelf to determine temporal changes in net basal melting. A decadal cycle dominates the ocean record, with melt changing by a factor of aboutmore »
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available June 1, 2023