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Creators/Authors contains: "McGue, Matt"

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  1. ; ; ; ( , Scientific Reports)
    Abstract

    We propose a resampling-based fast variable selection technique for detecting relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in a multi-marker mixed effect model. Due to computational complexity, current practice primarily involves testing the effect of one SNP at a time, commonly termed as ‘single SNP association analysis’. Joint modeling of genetic variants within a gene or pathway may have better power to detect associated genetic variants, especially the ones with weak effects. In this paper, we propose a computationally efficient model selection approach—based on the e-values framework—for single SNP detection in families while utilizing information on multiple SNPs simultaneously. To overcome computational bottleneck of traditional model selection methods, our method trains one single model, and utilizes a fast and scalable bootstrap procedure. We illustrate through numerical studies that our proposed method is more effective in detecting SNPs associated with a trait than either single-marker analysis using family data or model selection methods that ignore the familial dependency structure. Further, we perform gene-level analysis in Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research (MCTFR) dataset using our method to detect several SNPs using this that have been implicated to be associated with alcohol consumption.

     
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  2. ; ; ; ; ; ; ( , Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry)
    Background

    Psychopathology and risky behaviors increase during adolescence, and understanding which adolescents are most at risk informs prevention and intervention efforts. Pubertal timing relative to same‐sex, same‐age peers is a known correlate of adolescent outcomes among both boys and girls. However, it remains unclear whether this relation is better explained by a plausible causal process or unobserved familial liability.

     Methods

    We extended previous research by examining associations between pubertal timing in early adolescence (age 14) and outcomes in later adolescence (age 17) in a community sample of 2,510 twins (49% boys, 51% girls).

     Results

    Earlier pubertal timing was associated with more substance use, risk behavior, internalizing and externalizing problems, and peer problems in later adolescence; these effects were small, consistent with previous literature. Follow‐up co‐twin control analyses indicated that within‐twin‐pair differences in pubertal timing were not associated with within‐twin‐pair differences in most adolescent outcomes after accounting for shared familial liability, suggesting that earlier pubertal timing and adolescent outcomes both reflect familial risk factors. Biometric models indicated that associations between earlier pubertal timing and negative adolescent outcomes were largely attributable to shared genetic liability.

     Conclusions

    Although earlier pubertal timing was associated with negative adolescent outcomes, our results suggests that these associations did not appear to be caused by earlier pubertal timing but were likely caused by shared genetic influences.

     
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  3. ; ; ; ; ; ; ( , International Journal of Public Opinion Research)
    Abstract

    Existing research shows that ideological orientations are stable after young adulthood. Extending research on the sources of ideological stability, we examine social and economic ideology over a 3- to 4-year period in two twin panels (one Danish and one American). We find evidence for the importance of genetic influences and individual life experiences on the stability of social ideology in both contexts; shared environmental factors play an important role in the younger, Danish sample only. For economic ideology, genetic factors contribute to stability in the American sample only. Our findings show that the role of genetic and environmental factors in the stability of ideological orientations varies by type of ideology, national context, and, possibly, age cohort.

     
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