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Creators/Authors contains: "Mulholland, M."

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  1. ; ; ; ; ; ; (, Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (AERA))
    The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) emphasize integrating three dimensions of science learning: disciplinary core ideas, cross-cutting concepts, and science and engineering practices. In this study, we develop formative assessments that measure student understanding of the integration of these three dimensions along with automated scoring methods that distinguish among them. The formative assessments allow students to express their emerging ideas while also capturing progress in integrating core ideas, cross-cutting concepts, and practices. We describe how item and rubric design can work in concert with an automated scoring system to independently score science explanations from multiple perspectives. We describe item design considerations and provide validity evidence for the automated scores. 
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    Accepted Manuscript Full Text Available
  2. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; et al (, Global Biogeochemical Cycles)
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