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This Article explores the intersection of First Amendment claims (religious and speech) and the social science research about the harms of misgendering transgender people in the classroom and beyond. Using medical and social science data about the harms of misgendering transgender and non-binary people, we show that misgendering dramatically and negatively impacts transgender students in the classroom and in society. We show that the harms are not individualized but are collective; they derive from being part of a stigmatized minority population. After demonstrating the harms of misgendering, we consider the First Amendment claims that seek to offer constitutional protection to misgendering. We argue that on balance, the First Amendment claims of free speech, academic freedom, and freedom of religion provide no basis on which professors should be allowed to misgender trans students in the classroom. As we show, debates about the First Amendment, when analyzed through a lens that considers social hierarchy, fail to provide a constitutional mandate for speakers or religious practitioners to engage in misgendering. Rather, we point out that the law does not provide a consistent principle to determine what is protected speech, but instead privileges the claims of already privileged groups, in this case white evangelical Christians. Given the troubled history of First Amendment law that purports to be “neutral” but protects privileged social statuses, it is disingenuous and constitutionally suspect to allow a First Amendment claim to cover misgendering students in the classroom. We argue that transgender students should be protected by their institutions from faculty members who prefer to stubbornly misgender students in the classroom. Even assuming for the sake of argument that misgendering is “protected” speech, professors who choose to misgender are intentionally harming their students, a breach of professional norms and most schools’ policies.