Search for: All records

In clinical operations, teamwork can be the crucial factor that determines the final outcome. Prior studies have shown that sufficient collaboration is the key factor that determines the outcome of an operation. To understand how the team practices teamwork during the operation, we collected CliniDial from simulations of medical operations. CliniDial includes the audio data and its transcriptions, the simulated physiology signals of the patient manikins, and how the team operates from two camera angles. We annotate behavior codes following an existing framework to understand the teamwork process for CliniDial. We pinpoint three main characteristics of our dataset, including its label imbalances, rich and natural interactions, and multiple modalities, and conduct experiments to test existing LLMs’ capabilities on handling data with these characteristics. Experimental results show that CliniDial poses significant challenges to the existing models, inviting future effort on developing methods that can deal with real-world clinical data. We open-source the codebase at https: //github.com/MichiganNLP/CliniDial.† 

Although different scholars have offered several reasons behind why Latinx students do not pursue STEM careers–particularly engineering–many scholars have argued that one particularly powerful reason is that the cultures of students do not fit the dominant discourse of engineering. It has been argued that curriculum materials do not portray the lived experiences and embodied knowledge of students who come from non-White, non-English-speaking backgrounds. In addition, teacher preparation has been questioned regarding the opportunities available for teachers to identify with engineering and make the curriculum more culturally relevant to students. Building this capacity is critical for the recruitment, preparation and roader participation of underserved communities in STEM. Moreover, teacher preparation is necessary to dismantle the dominant narratives in STEM and to provide the space for underrepresented students' embodied knowledge to be acknowledged, valued, and integrated into the curriculum. This project presents the ongoing efforts to analyze how a more situated view of engineering, particularly through asset-based approaches, can serve as a pathway to and through engineering for Latinx students. The goal is to provide teachers with the tools to identify, elicit, and recognize students' funds of knowledge as assets in solving engineering problems. 

The concept of funds of knowledge has been widely studied in different educational contexts. Funds of knowledge are described as the historically accumulated skills, experiences, practices, and ways of knowing that develop within a household for functioning and well-being. Sometimes these include the intellectual, communicative, emotional, resistance and even spiritual resources for learning that emerge from household and community practices. As a framework, funds of knowledge is important when trying to understand the learning processes occurring at home and communities that can be transferred into any learning environment (e.g., school, museum, library, after-school program). However, there has been little discussion on how immediate role models, such as STEM summer program facilitators, can engage in eliciting the funds of knowledge of summer enrichment program participants in order to make their experiences more enriching and culturally responsive. This pilot study sought to understand how STEM facilitators, also known as pod leaders in this study, understood “funds of knowledge” as a framework and utilized it as a tool to elicit and make the most of the funds of knowledge participants (middle school students) brought to a two-week STEM summer enrichment program. The study, which is a small piece of a much larger research endeavor, primarily relied on data collected from interviews with eight individual pod leaders. The results of this study indicated that elicitation strategies are sometimes hindered by programmatic features–primarily the time constraints and subsequent lack of time for reflection–of summer enrichment programs. 

Abstract Surface performance is critically influenced by topography in virtually all real-world applications. The current standard practice is to describe topography using one of a few industry-standard parameters. The most commonly reported number is$$R$$ $R$ a, the average absolute deviation of the height from the mean line (at some, not necessarily known or specified, lateral length scale). However, other parameters, particularly those that are scale-dependent, influence surface and interfacial properties; for example the local surface slope is critical for visual appearance, friction, and wear. The present Surface-Topography Challenge was launched to raise awareness for the need of a multi-scale description, but also to assess the reliability of different metrology techniques. In the resulting international collaborative effort, 153 scientists and engineers from 64 research groups and companies across 20 countries characterized statistically equivalent samples from two different surfaces: a “rough” and a “smooth” surface. The results of the 2088 measurements constitute the most comprehensive surface description ever compiled. We find wide disagreement across measurements and techniques when the lateral scale of the measurement is ignored. Consensus is established through scale-dependent parameters while removing data that violates an established resolution criterion and deviates from the majority measurements at each length scale. Our findings suggest best practices for characterizing and specifying topography. The public release of the accumulated data and presented analyses enables global reuse for further scientific investigation and benchmarking. 

We present the measurement of ${\pi }^{+}$ -argon inelastic cross sections using the ProtoDUNE single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber in the incident ${\pi }^{+}$ kinetic energy range of 500–800 MeV in multiple exclusive channels (absorption, charge exchange, and the remaining inelastic interactions). The results of this analysis are important inputs to simulations of liquid argon neutrino experiments such as the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment and the Short Baseline Neutrino program at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. They will be employed to improve the modeling of final state interactions within neutrino event generators used by these experiments, as well as the modeling of ${\pi }^{+}$ -argon secondary interactions within the liquid argon. This is the first measurement of ${\pi }^{+}$ -argon absorption at this kinetic energy range as well as the first ever measurement of ${\pi }^{+}$ -argon charge exchange. 

A<sc>bstract</sc> A search for a new neutral gauge boson, Z′, produced in association with one or two jets, including at least one b jet, and decaying into a pair of muons is presented. The analysis uses proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS detector at$$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb⁻¹. No significant deviation from background expectations is observed. Upper limits at 95% confidence level on the product of cross section, branching fraction to dimuons, acceptance, and efficiency, from 0.2 to 2 fb, are set for Z′boson masses between 125 and 350 GeV. Process-dependent products of acceptance and efficiency, and model-independent limits on the signal yield are provided. These are the only results to date in the 125–200 GeV mass range and the most stringent for b quark fusion production modes in the 200–350 GeV range, complementing inclusive Z′boson searches. 

A<sc>bstract</sc> A search is performed for dark matter produced in association with bottom quarks and a pair of electrons or muons in data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to 138 fb⁻¹of integrated luminosity of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. For the first time at the LHC, the associated production of a bottom quark-antiquark pair and a new heavy neutral Higgs boson (H) that subsequently decays into a leptonically decaying Z boson and a pseudoscalar (a) is explored. The latter acts as a dark matter mediator in the context of the two Higgs doublet model plus a pseudoscalar (2HDM+a). Multivariate techniques that target a wide range of mass configurations for the H and a particles are used. The observations are consistent with the expectations from standard model processes. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the product of cross section and branching fraction of the new particles, ranging from 10⁻²pb for an H mass of 400 GeV to 10⁻³pb for an H mass of 2000 GeV. Constraints on the parameter space of a benchmark 2HDM+a model are derived and compared with expectations in the context of cosmological predictions.