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Industrial disasters significantly impact infrastructure and the environment, often resulting in air and water contamination. In turn, community members face questions about how to protect their health and safety, seeking information from multiple sources. For example, individuals frequently request independent environmental sampling and testing of their homes, especially when official guidance fails to address household concerns about contamination. The Risk Information Seeking and Processing (RISP) framework was developed to characterize how people seek, process, and sometimes avoid risk-related information. However, it has not been widely applied to industrial disasters, where households face uncertainty about their built environment in the context of remediation, reconstruction, and long-term recovery decisions. Drawing on a community survey (n = 259) deployed after the 2023 East Palestine, Ohio (USA), train derailment, chemical spill, and fires, this study applies RISP to categorize how residents seek and process information about risks in the built environment. We found that most respondents relied on nonroutine sources, such as from environmental testing, but differed in how they interpreted information. Some sought expert interpretation when results were unclear, while others settled for unclear findings or disengaged. This work reveals the need for improved strategies to communicate environmental testing results in industrial disasters. 

Printed transistors have a wide range of applications, but the limited resolution of printing techniques (10-30 µm) has been a barrier to their utility and scalability. Previous works have relied on chemical processes or tedious post-processing to realize printed submicron channel lengths, limiting their applicability. Here, we show that capillary flow printing can create as-printed submicron carbon nanotube thin-film transistors (CNT-TFTs) without chemical modification or physical manipulation post-printing. We show that the approach can be used to print conducting, semiconducting, and insulating inks on different types of substrates (silicon, Kapton, and paper), and can be used to fabricate various TFT device architectures. Printed CNT-TFTs yielded on-currents of 1.12 mA/mm when back gated on Si/SiO2, and 490 µA/mm when side gated through ion gel on Kapton. Mechanical bending and sweep rate resilience of devices on Kapton show the wide utility of these printed devices for flexible applications. 

ABSTRACT We update the dust model present within the simba galaxy simulations with a self-consistent framework for the co-evolution of dust and molecular hydrogen populations in the interstellar medium, and use this to explore $$z \ge 6$$ galaxy evolution. In addition to tracking the evolution of dust and molecular hydrogen abundances, our model fully integrates these species into the simba simulation, explicitly modelling their impact on physical processes such as star formation and cooling through the inclusion of a novel two-phase sub-grid model for interstellar gas. Running two cosmological simulations down to $$z \sim 6$$ we find that our simba-EoR model displays a generally tighter concordance with observational data than fiducial simba. Additionally we observe that our simba-EoR models increase star formation activity at early epochs, producing larger dust-to-gas ratios consequently. Finally, we discover a significant population of hot dust at $$\sim 100$$ K, aligning with contemporaneous observations of high-redshift dusty galaxies, alongside the large $$\sim 20$$ K population typically identified. 

Detailed studies of hot subdwarf B (sdB) stars with red dwarf (dM) or brown dwarf (BD) companions can shed light on the effects of binarity on late stellar evolution. Such systems exhibit a strong, quasi-sinusoidal reflection effect due to irradiation of the cool companion, and some even show primary and secondary eclipses. For this work, we computed Fourier transforms of TESS light curves of sdB+dM/BD binaries and investigate correlations between the relative amplitudes and phases of their harmonics and system parameters. We show that the reflection effect shape strongly depends on the orbital inclination, with nearly face-on systems having much more sinusoidal shapes than nearly edge-on systems. This information is encoded by the relative strength of the first harmonic in the Fourier transform. By comparing observations of solved systems to synthetic light curves generated bylcurve, we find that the inclination of non-eclipsing systems with high signal-to-noise light curves can be determined to within ≈10° simply by measuring their orbital periods and first harmonic strengths. We also discovered a slight asymmetry in the reflection effect shape of sdB+dM/BD binaries using the relative phase of the first harmonic. From our analysis of synthetic light curves, we conclude the asymmetry results from relativistic beaming of both stellar components. This marks the first time Doppler beaming has been detected in sdB+dM/BD systems. Although advanced modeling is necessary to quantify the effects of secondary parameters, such as limb darkening, the temperature ratio, and the radius ratio on the reflection effect shape, our pilot study demonstrates that it might be possible to extract both the inclination angle and cool companion velocity from the light curves of non-eclipsing systems. 

Neuromorphic sensors have inherently‐fast speeds and low data rates, which potentially make them ideal for the observation of transient sources, such as lightning and sprites. Particularly, for remote observations. In this article, we report the first observations of sprites from the ground with a neuromorphic sensor. These observations are accompanied by measurements with established instruments such as low‐light level and high‐frame rate cameras. We determine that neuromorphic sensors can capture sprites and determine their duration to an accuracy of roughly 6 ms. Average sprite durations were found to be 55 ms within our data set. We have also ascertained that sprites may be too dim for the neuromorphic sensors to resolve the internal spatiotemporal dynamics, at least without the aid of intensifiers. 

Blind and low-vision (BLV) people rely on GPS-based systems for outdoor navigation. GPS's inaccuracy, however, causes them to veer off track, run into obstacles, and struggle to reach precise destinations. While prior work has made precise navigation possible indoors via hardware installations, enabling this outdoors remains a challenge. Interestingly, many outdoor environments are already instrumented with hardware such as street cameras. In this work, we explore the idea of repurposing *existing* street cameras for outdoor navigation. Our community-driven approach considers both technical and sociotechnical concerns through engagements with various stakeholders: BLV users, residents, business owners, and Community Board leadership. The resulting system, StreetNav, processes a camera's video feed using computer vision and gives BLV pedestrians real-time navigation assistance. Our evaluations show that StreetNav guides users more precisely than GPS, but its technical performance is sensitive to environmental occlusions and distance from the camera. We discuss future implications for deploying such systems at scale. 

X-ray detectors are commonly used for medical, crystallography and space physics applications. Most of the current x-ray detectors use cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) as the active medium. This report investigates high density semiconducting and scintillating glasses as potential alternatives to CZT. For the semiconducting glasses, samples composed of xCuO–((1−x)/2)PbO–((1−x)/2)V2O5 and xFeO–((1−x)/2)PbO–((1−x)/2)V2O5, for the scintillating glasses, samples composed of xGd2O3+yWO3+(1−x−y)2H3BO3, doped with 1–6% Eu3+ or Tb3+, were investigated in this study. The glass-making conditions, density, Raman spectroscopy analysis, photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra, as well as conductivity measurements performed on various samples, are reported. The interaction of x-rays with all the glass samples was simulated using GATE software, and their mass attenuation coefficients were calculated and compared with CZT. 

Although smell influences many daily activities, researchers and practitioners have yet to thoroughly understand smells and the interactions involved in smell mixtures. We present work focused on artificially synthesizing odor mixtures, the evaluation techniques to measure the fidelity of such technologies, and the rich application scenarios that materialize with this capability. We highlight our system implementation and design considerations for an olfactory wearable for odor mixing. Then, we outline an approach to assess odor mixing behavior and efficacy, and finally, we discuss possible studies to contextualize the usefulness of our technology.