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Future time perspective extension is an individual's perception of the psychological distance between future goals. The concept of extension can be expanded to include how far into the future an individual habitual time space extends and the diffusion of goals within that time space. This alignment and distance may be related to the individual episodic future thinking, the pre-experiencing of future events. Research in FTP and EFT are typically siloed; considering both approaches to future thinking provides not only greater insight into the two constructs but may also provide avenues for developing interventions. Participants in this study (n = 13) were recruited from a scholarship program designed to provide them with financial support as they progress from community college to high-wage careers in science and engineering. Students were transitioning from two-year programs at local community colleges to science degree programs at a large four-year research university. Students’ narratives of their future lives were collected using an interview format, participants also completed a digital survey to quantitatively measure their future time perspective. Qualitative data were analyzed using a deductive thematic analytic approach and a content analytic approach. Students’ profiles differed in extension (how far into the future students' project) and diffusion (how many potential future careers are considered). Findings suggest that students with more extended, vivid, and specific career narratives. have higher career commitment and self-efficacy. The study concludes that understanding the intersection of FTPE and EFT can inform educational interventions to support students in visualizing and planning for their careers, particularly in science and engineering fields. 

Massive submarine basalt flows were sampled at five sites on the Tristan‐Gough‐Walvis hotspot track in the South Atlantic by International Oceanic Discovery Program Expeditions 391/397T, where the plume was interacting with a mid‐ocean ridge, a setting similar to that the of modern Iceland. High resolution XRF core scans document significant internal chemical variations with depth in these flows. Some of this reflects basal olivine accumulation. However, some examples have “scallop‐shaped” patterns that are interpreted to represent influxes of new magma during flow lobe inflation with successive lava injections focused toward the base of the flow unit. Olivine concentration in the deeper parts of the flow is interpreted to reflect top‐down tapping of a vertically zoned magma chamber, with the upper part of the chamber erupting first, and successive eruptive pulses tapping progressively deeper levels of the stratified chamber. The occurrence of massive submarine lava flows requires high eruptive fluxes relative to pillow lava formation. Propagation of these massive flows is favored by (a) high sea water confining pressures, which inhibit vesiculation and keep effective viscosity low and dissolved volatile content high, and (b) chill zones and thick viscoelastic crusts of quenched lava on the flow tops, which effectively insulate the flow interior from ambient temperatures. The formation of a thin film of super‐heated steam on the upper flow surface may similarly enhance the insulation. Evidence suggests that similar massive flows on the seafloor may extend many kilometers from their vents.