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  1. Abstract

    Hyperpolarized13C MRI visualizes real-time metabolic processes in vivo. In this study, we achieved high13C polarization in situ in the bore of an MRI system for precursor molecules of most widely employed hyperpolarized agents: [1-13C]acetate and [1-13C]pyruvate ethyl esters in their perdeuterated forms, enhancing hyperpolarization lifetimes, hyperpolarized toP13C ≈ 28% at 80 mM concentration andP13C ≈ 19% at 10 mM concentration, respectively. Using vinyl esters as unsaturated Parahydrogen-Induced Polarization via Side-Arm Hydrogenation (PHIP-SAH) precursors and our novel polarization setup, we achieved these hyperpolarization levels by fast side-arm hydrogenation in acetone-d6at elevated temperatures (up to 90°C) and hydrogenation pressures (up to 32 bar). We optimized the hyperpolarization process, reducing it to under 10 s, and employed advanced pulse sequences to enhance the polarization transfer efficiency. The hyperpolarization system has a small footprint, allowing it to be positioned in the same magnet, where13C MRI is performed. We exemplified the utility of the design with sub-second in situ13C MRI of ethyl [1-13C]pyruvate-d6. However, challenges remain in side-arm cleavage and purification in the MRI system to extract highly polarized aqueous agent solutions. Our results showcase efficient and rapid13C hyperpolarization of these metabolite precursors in an MRI system with minimal additional hardware, promising to enhance future throughput and access to hyperpolarized13C MRI.

     
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    Free, publicly-accessible full text available December 1, 2025
  2. Abstract

    Die metabolische Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) mit hyperpolarisiertem (HP) Pyruvat wird zu einer vielversprechenden, nicht‐invasiven Technik für die Diagnose, die Charakterisierung und die Überwachung bei Behandlung von Krebs, sowie bei anderen Erkrankungen. Die klinisch etablierte Methode zur Herstellung HP‐Pyruvats, die dynamische Kernpolarisation, ist jedoch ein komplexes und langwieriges Verfahren. Die Signalverstärkung durch reversiblen Austausch (SABRE) ist eine ultraschnelle und kostengünstige Methode, die auf einem schnellen chemischen Austausch beruht. Hier demonstrieren wir zum ersten Mal eine in vivoAnwendung, sowie auch metabolische MRT mit SABRE. Wir präsentieren eine neuartige Routine zur Herstellung von wässrigem HP‐[1‐13C]Pyruvat‐d3innerhalb von sechs Minuten, zur Anwendung in lebenden Organismen. Die injizierte Lösung war steril, ungiftig, pH‐neutral und enthielt ≈30 mM [1‐13C]Pyruvat‐d3, polarisiert auf ≈11 % (Rückstände von 250 mM Methanol und 20 μM Katalysator). Es wurde durch schnelle Lösungsmittelverdampfung und Metallfiltrierung gewonnen, die wir in diesem Manuskript ausführlich beschreiben. Diese Ergebnisse machen die HP‐Pyruvat‐MRT für eine breite biomedizinische Gemeinschaft zur schnellen metabolischen Bildgebung von lebenden Organismen verfügbar.

     
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  3. Abstract

    Metabolic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using hyperpolarized (HP) pyruvate is becoming a non‐invasive technique for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring response to treatment in cancer and other diseases. The clinically established method for producing HP pyruvate, dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization, however, is rather complex and slow. Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) is an ultra‐fast and low‐cost method based on fast chemical exchange. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate not only in vivo utility, but also metabolic MRI with SABRE. We present a novel routine to produce aqueous HP [1‐13C]pyruvate‐d3for injection in 6 minutes. The injected solution was sterile, non‐toxic, pH neutral and contained ≈30 mM [1‐13C]pyruvate‐d3polarized to ≈11 % (residual 250 mM methanol and 20 μM catalyst). It was obtained by rapid solvent evaporation and metal filtering, which we detail in this manuscript. This achievement makes HP pyruvate MRI available to a wide biomedical community for fast metabolic imaging of living organisms.

     
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