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  1. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; et al ( , Scientific Reports)
    Abstract We have performed sound velocity and unit cell volume measurements of three synthetic, ultrafine micro/nanocrystalline grossular samples up to 50 GPa using Brillouin spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The samples are characterized by average grain sizes of 90 nm, 93 nm and 179 nm (hereinafter referred to as samples Gr90, Gr93, and Gr179, respectively). The experimentally determined sound velocities and elastic properties of Gr179 sample are comparable with previous measurements, but slightly higher than those of Gr90 and Gr93 under ambient conditions. However, the differences diminish with increasing pressure, and the velocity crossover eventually takes place at approximately 20–30 GPa. The X-ray diffractionmore »peaks of the ultrafine micro/nanocrystalline grossular samples significantly broaden between 15–40 GPa, especially for Gr179. The velocity or elasticity crossover observed at pressures over 30 GPa might be explained by different grain size reduction and/or inhomogeneous strain within the individual grains for the three grossular samples, which is supported by both the pressure-induced peak broadening observed in the X-ray diffraction experiments and transmission electron microscopy observations. The elastic behavior of ultrafine micro/nanocrystalline silicates, in this case, grossular, is both grain size and pressure dependent.« less
    Free, publicly-accessible full text available December 1, 2022
  2. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; et al ( , Computing and Software for Big Science)
    Abstract The accurate simulation of additional interactions at the ATLAS experiment for the analysis of proton–proton collisions delivered by the Large Hadron Collider presents a significant challenge to the computing resources. During the LHC Run 2 (2015–2018), there were up to 70 inelastic interactions per bunch crossing, which need to be accounted for in Monte Carlo (MC) production. In this document, a new method to account for these additional interactions in the simulation chain is described. Instead of sampling the inelastic interactions and adding their energy deposits to a hard-scatter interaction one-by-one, the inelastic interactions are presampled, independent of the hardmore »scatter, and stored as combined events. Consequently, for each hard-scatter interaction, only one such presampled event needs to be added as part of the simulation chain. For the Run 2 simulation chain, with an average of 35 interactions per bunch crossing, this new method provides a substantial reduction in MC production CPU needs of around 20%, while reproducing the properties of the reconstructed quantities relevant for physics analyses with good accuracy.« less
    Free, publicly-accessible full text available December 1, 2023
  3. ; ; ; ( , Experimental Mechanics)
    Full Text Available 
  4. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ( , Materialia)
    Accepted Manuscript Full Text Available
  5. ; ; ( , Twenty-fifth Americas Conference on Information Systems)
    Despite that tremendous progress has been made in mobile user authentication (MUA) in recent years, continuous mobile user authentication (CMUA), in which authentication is performed continuously after initial login, remains under studied. In addition, although one-handed interaction with a mobile device becomes increasingly common, one-handed CMUA has never been investigated in the literature. There is a lack of investigation of the CMUA performance between one-handed and two-handed interactions. To fill the literature gap, we developed a new CMUA method based on touch dynamics of thumb scrolling on the touchscreen of a mobile device. We developed a mobile app of themore »proposed CMUA method and evaluated its effectiveness with data collected from a user study. The findings have implications for the design of effective CMUA using touch dynamics and for improvement of accessibility and usability of MUA mechanisms.« less
    Accepted Manuscript Full Text Available
  6. ; ; ; ; ( , Proceedings - IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy)
    Cache-based side channels are becoming an important attack vector through which secret information can be leaked to malicious parties. implementations and Previous work on cache-based side channel detection, however, suffers from the code coverage problem or does not provide diagnostic information that is crucial for applying mitigation techniques to vulnerable software. We propose CaSym, a cache-aware symbolic execution to identify and report precise information about where side channels occur in an input program. Compared with existing work, CaSym provides several unique features: (1) CaSym enables verification against various attack models and cache models, (2) unlike many symbolic-execution systems for bugmore »finding, CaSym verifies all program execution paths in a sound way, (3) CaSym uses two novel abstract cache models that provide good balance between analysis scalability and precision, and (4) CaSym provides sufficient information on where and how to mitigate the identified side channels through techniques including preloading and pinning. Evaluation on a set of crypto and database benchmarks shows that CaSym is effective at identifying and mitigating side channels, with reasonable efficiency.« less
    Accepted Manuscript Full Text Available
  7. ; ; ( , Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics)
    Accepted Manuscript Full Text Available
  8. ; ; ; ; ( , Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth)
    Omphacite is a major mineral phase of eclogite, which provides the main driving force for the slab subduction into the Earth's interior. We have measured the single‐crystal elastic moduli of omphacite at high pressures for the first time up to 18 GPa at ambient temperature using Brillouin spectroscopy. A least‐squares fit of the velocity‐pressure data to the third‐order finite strain equation of state yields KS0'=4.5(3), G0'=1.6(1) with ρ0=3.34(1) g/cm3, KS0=123(3) GPa, and G0=74(2) GPa. In addition, the synchrotron single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data have been collected up to 18 GPa and 700 K. The fitting to Holland‐Powell thermal‐pressure equation of statemore »yields KT0'=4.6(5) and α0=2.7(8) ×10‐5 K‐1. Based on the obtained thermoelastic parameters of omphacite, the anisotropic seismic velocities of eclogite are modeled and compared with pyrolite between 200 to 500 km. The largest contrast between the eclogite and pyrolite in terms of seismic properties is observed between ~310 to 410 km.« less
    Full Text Available 
  9. ; ; ; ; ; ( , Twenty-fourth Americas Conference on Information Systems)
    Despite the tremendous role of online consumer reviews (OCRs) in facilitating consumer purchase decision making, the potential inconsistency between product ratings and review content could cause the uncertainty and confusions of prospect consumers toward a product. This research is aimed to investigate such inconsistency so as to better assist potential consumers with making purchase decisions. First, this study extracted a reviewer’s sentiments from review text via sentiment analysis. Then, it examined the correlation and inconsistency between product ratings and review sentiments via Pearson correlation coefficients (PCC) and box plots. Next, we compared such inconsistency patterns between fake and authentic reviews.more »Based on an analysis of 24,539 Yelp reviews, we find that although the ratings and sentiments are highly correlated, the inconsistency between the two is more salient in fake reviews than in authentic reviews. The comparison also reveals different inconsistency patterns between the two types of reviews.« less
    Accepted Manuscript Full Text Available
  10. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; et al ( , Physical Review Letters)
    Free, publicly-accessible full text available March 1, 2023