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Sulfide solid-state electrolyte (SE) possesses high room-temperature ionic conductivity. However, fabrication of the free-standing, sheet-type thin sulfide SE film electrolyte to enable all-solid-state batteries to deliver high energy and power density remains challenging. Herein we show that argyrodite sulfide (Li₆PS₅Cl) SE can be slurry cast to form free-standing films with low (≤5 wt%) loadings of poly(isobutylene) (PIB) binder. Two factors contribute to a lower areal specific resistance (ASR) of the thin film SEs benchmarked to the pristine powder pellet SSE counterparts: i) 1–2 orders reduced thickness and ii) reasonably comparable ionic conductivity at room temperature after the isostatic pressing process. Nevertheless, an increasing polymer binder loading inevitably introduced voids in the thin film SEs, compromising anode/electrolyte interfacial ion transport. Our findings highlight that electrolyte/electrode interfacial stability, as well as the selection of slurry components, including sulfide SE, binder, and solvent, play essential roles in thin film sulfide electrolyte development.

 

Organic trisradicals featuring three-fold symmetry have attracted significant interest because of their unique magnetic properties associated with spin frustration. Herein, we describe the synthesis and characterization of a triangular prism-shaped organic cage for which we have coined the name PrismCage6+ and its trisradical trication—TR3(•+). PrismCage6+ is composed of three 4,4'-bipyridinium dications and two 1,3,5-phenylene units bridged by six methylene groups. In the solid state, PrismCage6+ adopts a highly twisted conformation with close to C3 symmetry as a result of encapsulating one PF6− anion as a guest. PrismCage6+ undergoes stepwise reduction to its mono-, di- and trisradical cations in MeCN on account of strong electronic communication between its 4,4'-bipyridinium units. TR3(•+), which is obtained by reduction of PrismCage6+ employing CoCp2, adopts a triangular prism-shaped conformation with close to C2v symmetry in the solid state. Temperature-dependent continuous-wave and nutation frequency-selective EPR spectra of TR3(•+) in frozen N,N-dimethylformamide indicate its doublet ground state. The doublet-quartet energy gap of TR3(•+) is estimated to be −0.06 kcal mol−1 and the critical temperature of spin-state conversion is found to be ca. 50 K, suggesting that it displays pronounced spin-frustration at the molecular level. To the best of our knowledge, this example is the first organic radical cage to exhibit spin frustration. The trisradical trication of PrismCage6+ opens up new possibilities for fundamental investigations and potential applications in the fields of both organic cages and spin chemistry. 

Artificial Intelligence (AI) brings advancements to support pathologists in navigating high-resolution tumor images to search for pathology patterns of interest. However, existing AI-assisted tools have not realized the promised potential due to a lack of insight into pathology and HCI considerations for pathologists’ navigation workflows in practice. We first conducted a formative study with six medical professionals in pathology to capture their navigation strategies. By incorporating our observations along with the pathologists’ domain knowledge, we designed NaviPath — a human-AI collaborative navigation system. An evaluation study with 15 medical professionals in pathology indicated that: (i) compared to the manual navigation, participants saw more than twice the number of pathological patterns in unit time with NaviPath, and (ii) participants achieved higher precision and recall against the AI and the manual navigation on average. Further qualitative analysis revealed that participants’ navigation was more consistent with NaviPath, which can improve the examination quality.