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  1. Abstract The discovery of laser-driven rescattering and high harmonic radiation out to a maximum photon energy of 3.17 times the ponderomotive energy ( U p ) laid the groundwork for attosecond pulse generation and coherent X-rays. As the laser field drives the interaction to higher energies, relativity and the Lorentz force from the laser magnetic field enter into the dynamics. We present the results of recent studies of laser rescattering, including these effects, to give a quantitative description of rescattering dynamics in the high-energy limit, ie, recollision energies of order 1,000 hartree (27 keV). The processes investigated include inner K- and L-shell excitation and the ultimate limit of high harmonic generation via rescattering bremsstrahlung. The results indicate the path to the frontier area of x-ray strong field processes. 
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    Free, publicly-accessible full text available May 1, 2024
  2. Research has highlighted that actively involving students during instruction can lead to positive outcomes for students. However, college mathematics instructors may need support to develop the knowledge and skills necessary to effectively implement this type of instruction. This study looks at how college algebra instructors in a grant-supported professional learning community (PLC) focus on different aspects of their own and others’ teaching. We leverage the instructional triangle as an analytical framework to characterize the foci of participants’ observations. We analyzed PLC meetings where participants reported on specific aspects of each other’s observed classes. Our analysis revealed that instructors each had a primary focus that drove their observations. We anticipate these different foci will inform future PLC meetings and lead to new questions about instructor thinking, and to continued development of the instructional triangle. 
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  3. We address the challenge of finding the optimal laser intensity and wavelength to drive high-energy, strong field rescattering and report the maximum yields of K-shell andLI-shell hole creation. Surprisingly, our results show laser-driven rescattering is able to create inner shell holes in all atoms from lithium to uranium with the interaction spanning from the deep IR to x-ray free electron laser sources. The calculated peak rescattering follows a simple scaling with the atomic number and laser wavelength. The results show it is possible to describe the ideal laser intensity and wavelength for general high-energy laser rescattering processes.

     
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  4. Abstract

    We present Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (Fermi-GBM) and Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT) searches for gamma-ray/X-ray counterparts to gravitational-wave (GW) candidate events identified during the third observing run of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. Using Fermi-GBM onboard triggers and subthreshold gamma-ray burst (GRB) candidates found in the Fermi-GBM ground analyses, the Targeted Search and the Untargeted Search, we investigate whether there are any coincident GRBs associated with the GWs. We also search the Swift-BAT rate data around the GW times to determine whether a GRB counterpart is present. No counterparts are found. Using both the Fermi-GBM Targeted Search and the Swift-BAT search, we calculate flux upper limits and present joint upper limits on the gamma-ray luminosity of each GW. Given these limits, we constrain theoretical models for the emission of gamma rays from binary black hole mergers.

     
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  5. Free, publicly-accessible full text available January 1, 2025
  6. Free, publicly-accessible full text available December 1, 2024
  7. Abstract

    We search for gravitational-wave (GW) transients associated with fast radio bursts (FRBs) detected by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment Fast Radio Burst Project, during the first part of the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo (2019 April 1 15:00 UTC–2019 October 1 15:00 UTC). Triggers from 22 FRBs were analyzed with a search that targets both binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star–black hole (NSBH) mergers. A targeted search for generic GW transients was conducted on 40 FRBs. We find no significant evidence for a GW association in either search. Given the large uncertainties in the distances of our FRB sample, we are unable to exclude the possibility of a GW association. Assessing the volumetric event rates of both FRB and binary mergers, an association is limited to 15% of the FRB population for BNS mergers or 1% for NSBH mergers. We report 90% confidence lower bounds on the distance to each FRB for a range of GW progenitor models and set upper limits on the energy emitted through GWs for a range of emission scenarios. We find values of order 1051–1057erg for models with central GW frequencies in the range 70–3560 Hz. At the sensitivity of this search, we find these limits to be above the predicted GW emissions for the models considered. We also find no significant coincident detection of GWs with the repeater, FRB 20200120E, which is the closest known extragalactic FRB.

     
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    Free, publicly-accessible full text available September 28, 2024
  8. Abstract The global network of gravitational-wave observatories now includes five detectors, namely LIGO Hanford, LIGO Livingston, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO 600. These detectors collected data during their third observing run, O3, composed of three phases: O3a starting in 2019 April and lasting six months, O3b starting in 2019 November and lasting five months, and O3GK starting in 2020 April and lasting two weeks. In this paper we describe these data and various other science products that can be freely accessed through the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center at https://gwosc.org . The main data set, consisting of the gravitational-wave strain time series that contains the astrophysical signals, is released together with supporting data useful for their analysis and documentation, tutorials, as well as analysis software packages. 
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    Free, publicly-accessible full text available July 28, 2024
  9. Free, publicly-accessible full text available August 1, 2024
  10. Free, publicly-accessible full text available July 1, 2024