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In recent years, the excitation of surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) in van der Waals materials received wide attention from the nanophotonics community. Alpha-phase Molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO₃), a naturally occurring biaxial hyperbolic crystal, emerged as a promising polaritonic material due to its ability to support SPhPs for three orthogonal directions at different wavelength bands (range 10–20μm). Here, we report on the fabrication, structural, morphological, and optical IR characterization of large-area (over 1 cm²size)α-MoO₃polycrystalline film deposited on fused silica substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Due to the random grain distribution, the thin film does not display any optical anisotropy at normal incidence. However, the proposed fabrication method allows us to achieve a singleα-phase, preserving the typical strong dispersion related to the phononic response ofα-MoO₃flakes. Remarkable spectral properties of interest for IR photonics applications are reported. For instance, a polarization-tunable reflection peak at 1006 cm⁻¹with a dynamic range of ΔR= 0.3 and a resonanceQ-factor as high as 53 is observed at 45° angle of incidence. Additionally, we report the fulfillment of an impedance matching condition with the SiO₂substrate leading to a polarization-independent almost perfect absorption condition (R< 0.01) at 972 cm⁻¹which is maintained for a broad angle of incidence. In this framework our findings appear extremely promising for the further development of mid-IR lithography-free, scalable films, for efficient and large-scale sensors, filters, thermal emitters, and label-free biochemical sensing devices operating in the free space, using far-field detection setups.

 

We numerically investigated the possibility to obtain circularly polarized infrared thermal emission from a bilayer scheme taking advantage of the strong anisotropy of low symmetry materials such as -Ga2O3 and -MoO3. Our results show that it is possible to achieve a high degree of circular polarization over 0.85 at two typical emission frequencies related to the excitation of -Ga2O3 optical phonons. Our simple but effective scheme could set the basis for a new class of lithography-free thermal sources for IR bio-sensing. 

Low‐symmetry van der Waals materials are promising candidates for the next generation of polarization‐sensitive on‐chip photonics since they do not require lattice matching for growth and integration. Due to their low‐symmetry crystal behavior, such materials exhibit anisotropic and polarization‐dependent optical properties for a wide range of optical frequencies. Here, depolarization characteristics of orthorhombic α‐MoO₃is studied in the visible range. Using polarizers and analyzers, it is demonstrated that α‐MoO₃has negligible loss and that birefringence values as high as 0.15 and 0.12 at 532 nm and 633 nm, respectively, are achievable. With such a high birefringence, quarter‐ and half‐wave plate actions are demonstrated for a 1400 nm α‐MoO₃flake at green (532 nm) and red (633 nm) wavelengths, and polarizability as high as 90% is reported. Furthermore, a system of double α‐MoO₃heterostructure layer is investigated that provides the possibility of tuning polarization as a function of rotation angle between the α‐MoO₃layers. These findings pave the way to the promising future of on‐chip photonic heterostructures and twist‐optics that can dictate the polarization state of light.