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  1. Abstract

    Chirality has been a property of central importance in physics, chemistry and biology for more than a century. Recently, electrons were found to become spin polarized after transmitting through chiral molecules, crystals, and their hybrids. This phenomenon, called chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS), presents broad application potentials and far-reaching fundamental implications involving intricate interplays among structural chirality, topological states, and electronic spin and orbitals. However, the microscopic picture of how chiral geometry influences electronic spin remains elusive, given the negligible spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in organic molecules. In this work, we address this issue via a direct comparison of magnetoconductance (MC) measurements on magnetic semiconductor-based chiral molecular spin valves with normal metal electrodes of contrasting SOC strengths. The experiment reveals that a heavy-metal electrode provides SOC to convert the orbital polarization induced by the chiral molecular structure tospinpolarization. Our results illustrate the essential role of SOC in the metal electrode for the CISS spin valve effect. A tunneling model with a magnetochiral modulation of the potential barrier is shown to quantitatively account for the unusual transport behavior.

     
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  4. Abstract

    We report quantum phenomena in spin-orbit-coupled single crystals that are synthesized using an innovative technology that “field-alters” crystal structures via application of magnetic field during crystal growth. This study addresses a major challenge facing the research community today: A great deal of theoretical work predicting exotic states for strongly spin-orbit-coupled, correlated materials has thus far met very limited experimental confirmation. These conspicuous discrepancies are due in part to the extreme sensitivity of these materials to structural distortions. The results presented here demonstrate that the field-altered materials not only are much less distorted but also exhibit phenomena absent in their non-altered counterparts. The field-altered materials include an array of4dand5dtransition metal oxides, and three representative materials presented here are Ba4Ir3O10, Ca2RuO4, and Sr2IrO4. This study provides an approach for discovery of quantum states and materials otherwise unavailable.

     
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