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Solid-state reactions formed vertical carpets of 2D metal carbides and nitrides on metal substrates. 

Platinum( ii ) binuclear complexes containing two platinum centers bridged by different types of ligands have received great research attention for their unique properties and potential applications in a variety of areas. The properties of these binuclear Pt( ii ) complexes, which could be significantly different from those of their mononuclear counterparts, are highly tunable by modifying their cyclometallating ligands and bridging ligands, as well as their structural configurations. The photophysical properties of these complexes involving a wide range of spectroscopic phenomena make them a very interesting class of materials to be spectroscopically studied. Applications of platinum( ii ) binuclear complexes have been explored in several areas, ranging from light emitting diodes, to sensors and photocatalysis. In this review, the molecular structures, photophysical properties, and applications of a variety of platinum( ii ) binuclear complexes are discussed. We intend to shed some light on the recent progress in this field and give a future outlook. 

Metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have emerged as new-generation light-emitting materials with narrow emissions and high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies (PLQEs). Various types of perovskite NCs, e.g., platelets, wires, and cubes, have been discovered to exhibit tunable emissions across the whole visible spectrum. Despite remarkable advances in the field of perovskite NCs, many nanostructures in inorganic NCs have not yet been realized in metal halide perovskites, and producing highly efficient blue-emitting perovskite NCs remains challenging and of great interest. Here, we report the discovery of highly efficient blue-emitting cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr 3 ) perovskite hollow NCs. By facile solution processing of CsPbBr 3 precursor solution containing ethylenediammonium bromide and sodium bromide, in situ formation of hollow CsPbBr 3 NCs with controlled particle and pore sizes is realized. Synthetic control of hollow nanostructures with quantum confinement effect results in color tuning of CsPbBr 3 NCs from green to blue, with high PLQEs of up to 81%.