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Computer simulations have become a popular tool for assessing complex skills such as problem‐solving. Log files of computer‐based items record the human–computer interactive processes for each respondent in full. The response processes are very diverse, noisy, and of non‐standard formats. Few generic methods have been developed to exploit the information contained in process data. In this paper we propose a method to extract latent variables from process data. The method utilizes a sequence‐to‐sequence autoencoder to compress response processes into standard numerical vectors. It does not require prior knowledge of the specific items and human–computer interaction patterns. The proposed method is applied to both simulated and real process data to demonstrate that the resulting latent variables extract useful information from the response processes.more » « less
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Abstract Partial differential equations are powerful tools for used to characterizing various physical systems. In practice, measurement errors are often present and probability models are employed to account for such uncertainties. In this paper we present a Monte Carlo scheme that yields unbiased estimators for expectations of random elliptic partial differential equations. This algorithm combines a multilevel Monte Carlo method (Giles (2008)) and a randomization scheme proposed by Rhee and Glynn (2012), (2013). Furthermore, to obtain an estimator with both finite variance and finite expected computational cost, we employ higher-order approximations.more » « less
