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Clinical-grade wearable sleep monitoring is a challenging problem since it requires concurrently monitoring brain activity, eye movement, muscle activity, cardio-respiratory features, and gross body movements. This requires multiple sensors to be worn at different locations as well as uncomfortable adhesives and discrete electronic components to be placed on the head. As a result, existing wearables either compromise comfort or compromise accuracy in tracking sleep variables. We propose PhyMask, an all-textile sleep monitoring solution that is practical and comfortable for continuous use and that acquires all signals of interest to sleep solely using comfortable textile sensors placed on the head. We show that PhyMask can be used to accurately measure all the signals required for precise sleep stage tracking and to extract advanced sleep markers such as spindles and K-complexes robustly in the real-world setting. We validate PhyMask against polysomnography (PSG) and show that it significantly outperforms two commercially-available sleep tracking wearables—Fitbit and Oura Ring. 

Emotion dysregulation in early childhood is known to be associated with a higher risk of several psychopathological conditions, such as ADHD and mood and anxiety disorders. In developmental neuroscience research, emotion dysregulation is characterized by low neural activation in the prefrontal cortex during frustration. In this work, we report on an exploratory study with 94 participants aged 3.5 to 5 years, investigating whether behavioral measures automatically extracted from facial videos can predict frustration-related neural activation and differentiate between low- and high-risk individuals. We propose a novel multi-scale instance fusion framework to develop EarlyScreen - a set of classifiers trained on behavioral markers during emotion regulation. Our model successfully predicts activation levels in the prefrontal cortex with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.85, which is on par with widely-used clinical assessment tools. Further, we classify clinical and non-clinical subjects based on their psychopathological risk with an area under the ROC curve of 0.80. Our model's predictions are consistent with standardized psychometric assessment scales, supporting its applicability as a screening procedure for emotion regulation-related psychopathological disorders. To the best of our knowledge, EarlyScreen is the first work to use automatically extracted behavioral features to characterize both neural activity and the diagnostic status of emotion regulation-related disorders in young children. We present insights from mental health professionals supporting the utility of EarlyScreen and discuss considerations for its subsequent deployment.