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Geosynthetic reinforced soil structures are widely used for earth retention and stabilization in many geotechnical and transportation applications. In the traditional design of geosynthetic reinforced soil structures, factor of safety is used to address the uncertainties. However, this approach cannot systematically consider the uncertainties and usually result in over-conservativeness and inconsistence in the design practice. In this paper, a reliability assessment framework of geosynthetic reinforced soil structure design is developed using probabilistic and numerical methods. The geosynthetic reinforced soil structures are modeled using finite element method. In the finite element method, the soil behavior is modelled using the Mohr-Coulomb soil model and a strength reduction method is used to determine the factor of safety value for a given geosynthetic reinforced soil structure. Then the reliability method is combined with the finite element method to obtain the probability curves for the geosynthetic reinforced soil structure. A case study of geosynthetic reinforced soil wall design is used to illustrate the significance of the proposed framework. The reliability assessment framework provides a useful decision making tool for informed design of geosynthetic reinforced soil structures in the face of uncertainties.