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Abstract The Bering Sea is a highly productive subarctic ecosystem with some of the most valuable commercial fisheries in the United States. This seasonally ice‐covered sea has been rapidly changing due to ocean warming with impacts to the ecosystem structure and fisheries. The long‐term effects of these shifts on primary producers, however, are still unknown. Continuous monitoring of primary productivity in the Bering Sea is critical, yet observations that capture the ephemeral nature of plankton are challenging to sustain. To address this gap, high temporal resolution primary productivity rates were quantified at a mooring site (M2) in the southeastern Bering Sea in 2021. From a suite of sensors at M2 (fluorescence, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and total dissolved gas pressure), we calculated gross primary productivity (GPP), net primary productivity (NPP), and net community productivity (NCP), the latter based on net biological oxygen saturation using dissolved oxygen/nitrogen (O₂/N₂) ratios. These estimates elucidate weekly patterns from the spring bloom through fall, when the water column becomes well‐mixed. In 2021, we observed average productivity during the spring bloom, yet wind patterns and mixing dynamics during the spring contributed to low productivity during summer and fall. The 2021 productivity metrics (GPP, NPP, and NCP) were compared across the growing season and contrasted with seasonal productivity estimates at M2 in previous years with consideration given to variability of ice conditions (warm/cold years) and wind stress. 

These data files contain surface dissolved O2 concentration and dissolved O2/N2 saturation ratio for the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas with relevant accompanying ancillary information. The data are useful for understanding the balance of physical and biological controls driving surface ocean dissolved O2 concentrations and for calculating net biological community production rates. The data were collected with funding from NSF (National Science Foundation) Award 1928684 “High Resolution Observing of Arctic Net Community Productivity with Ships of Opportunity.” These data are being disseminated to the research community with limited processing; an updated version with enhanced data quality control may be available in the future. Please contact the PI (Principal Investigator), Laurie Juranek (laurie.juranek@oregonstate.edu) for questions about use. Data were collected between August 1st, 2024 and Sept 30th, 2024 from the surface underway seawater supply of R/V (research vessel) Sikuliaq over the course of several cruises. Data were collected using a Pro-Oceanus miniTDGP (total dissolved gas pressure instrument), a SBE38 temperature sensor, a SBE45 thermosalinograph, and an Aanderaa 4330 dissolved O2 optode, with occasional outages for instrument maintenance or flow disruptions. Sea level pressure data from a Paroscientific MET4A sensor are also provided. 

These data files contain surface dissolved oxygen (O2) concentration and dissolved oxygen/nitrogen (O2/N2) saturation ratio for the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas with relevant accompanying ancillary information. The data are useful for understanding the balance of physical and biological controls driving surface ocean dissolved O2 concentrations and for calculating net biological community production rates. The data were collected with funding from NSF Award 1928684 “High Resolution Observing of Arctic Net Community Productivity with Ships of Opportunity.” These data are being disseminated to the research community with limited processing; an updated version with enhanced data quality control may be available in the future. Please contact the PI, Laurie Juranek (laurie.juranek@oregonstate.edu) for questions about use. Data were collected between June 9th and November 20th, 2023 from the surface underway seawater supply of research vessel (R/V) Sikuliaq on several cruises. Data were collected using a Pro-Oceanus miniTDGP (total dissolved gas pressure instrument), a SBE38 temperature sensor, a SBE45 thermosalinograph, and an Aanderaa 4330 dissolved O2 optode, with occasional outages for instrument maintenance or flow disruptions. Sea level pressure data from a Paroscientific MET4A sensor are also provided. 

Discrete samples were collected on research cruise ID NRS2022 (-01T, -01S, -02S) between July 12, 2022 and September 5, 2022, and analyzed for oxygen/argon ratios and triple oxygen isotopes. Samples were collected intermittently from the underway seawater supply throughout the cruise, which departed from Homer, Alaska (AK) and sampled waters of the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas, ending in Nome, AK. Samples were also collected at various depths from a selection of conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) casts during the second leg of the cruise (NRS2022_02S). The measurements here contribute to characterizing both the chemical environment and the rates of net and gross biological oxygen production in the Pacific-influenced Arctic. 

Data were collected between July 13, 2022 and September 5, 2022 using an equilibrated inlet mass spectrometer (EIMS, Cassar et al., 2009) connected to the surface seawater supply of Norseman II on Cruise ID NRS2022 (01T, 01S, 02S). Data were collected near-continuously over the cruise track which departed from Homer, Alaska (AK) and sampled waters of the Bering, Chukchi and Beaufort seas, ending in Nome, AK. The measurements here contribute to characterizing both the chemical environment and the rate of net biological oxygen production. 

These data files contain surface dissolved O2 concentration and dissolved O2/N2 saturation ratio for the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas with relevant accompanying ancillary information. The data are useful for understanding the balance of physical and biological controls driving surface ocean dissolved O2 concentrations and for calculating net biological community production rates. The data were collected with funding from NSF Award 1928684 “High Resolution Observing of Arctic Net Community Productivity with Ships of Opportunity.” These data are being disseminated to the research community with limited processing; an updated version with enhanced data quality control may be available in the future. Please contact the PI, Laurie Juranek (laurie.juranek@oregonstate.edu) for questions about use. Data were collected between August 12th and November 23rd, 2021 from the surface underway seawater supply of R/V Sikuliaq on several cruises. Data were collected using a Pro-Oceanus miniTDGP (total dissolved gas pressure instrument), a SBE38 temperature sensor, a SBE45 thermosalinograph, and an Aanderaa 4330 dissolved O2 optode, with occasional outages for instrument maintenance or flow disruptions. Sea level pressure data from a Vaisala PTU307 are also provided. 

This data file contains dissolved O2/Ar saturation ratio measured from the surface uncontaminated seawater system on the US Coast Guard Cutter (USCGC) Healy while transiting from Seward, Alaska USA to Nuuk, Greenland via the Northwest Passage. Data were collected in the Bering, Chukchi, Beaufort Seas, the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, and Baffin Bay (see map). The data are useful for understanding the balance of physical and biological controls driving surface ocean dissolved O2 concentrations and for calculating net biological community production rates. The data were collected with funding from NSF Award 1928684 “High Resolution Observing of Arctic Net Community Productivity with Ships of Opportunity” Data were collected between August 27th, 2021 and September 12th, 2021 from the surface uncontaminated seawater supply of USCGC Healy on Cruise ID HLY21TD. Data were collected near-continuously using an equilibrated inlet mass spectrometer (EIMS), with occasional outages for instrument maintenance or flow disruptions. 

These data files contain surface dissolved O2 concentration and dissolved O2/N2 saturation ratio for the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas with relevant accompanying ancillary information. The data are useful for understanding the balance of physical and biological controls driving surface ocean dissolved O2 concentrations and for calculating net biological community production rates. The data were collected with funding from NSF Award 1928684 “High Resolution Observing of Arctic Net Community Productivity with Ships of Opportunity.” These data are being disseminated to the research community with limited processing; an updated version with enhanced data quality control may be available in the future. Please contact the PI, Laurie Juranek (laurie.juranek@oregonstate.edu) for questions about use. Data were collected between July 31st and December 3rd, 2022 from the surface underway seawater supply of R/V Sikuliaq on several cruises. Data were collected using a Pro-Oceanus miniTDGP (total dissolved gas pressure instrument), a SBE38 temperature sensor, a SBE45 thermosalinograph, and an Aanderaa 4330 dissolved O2 optode, with occasional outages for instrument maintenance or flow disruptions. Sea level pressure data from a Vaisala PTU307 are also provided. 

These data files contain surface dissolved O2 (Oxygen) concentration and dissolved O2/N2 (Oxygen/Nitrogen) saturation ratio for the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas with relevant accompanying ancillary information. The data are useful for understanding the balance of physical and biological controls driving surface ocean dissolved O2 concentrations and for calculating net biological community production rates. The data were collected with funding from NSF (National Science Foundation) Award 1928684 “High Resolution Observing of Arctic Net Community Productivity with Ships of Opportunity” Data were collected between October 17th, 2020 and November 16th, 2020 from the surface underway seawater supply of R/V (Research Vessel) Sikuliaq on Cruise ID (Identifier) SKQ202014S. Data were collected near-continuously using Pro-Oceanus miniTDGP (total dissolved gas pressure instrument), a SBE45 thermosalinograph, and a SBE43 dissolved O2 sensor, with occasional outages for instrument maintenance or flow disruptions. The cruise departed and returned from Seward, AK (Alaska) and sampled waters of the Bering, Chukchi and southern Beaufort Seas.