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Pore elimination mechanisms during 3D printing of metals

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10973-9

Hojjatzadeh, S. Mohammad H. ; Parab, Niranjan D. ; Yan, Wentao ; Guo, Qilin ; Xiong, Lianghua ; Zhao, Cang ; Qu, Minglei ; Escano, Luis I. ; Xiao, Xianghui ; Fezzaa, Kamel ; et al ( July 2019 , Nature Communications)

Abstract
Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a 3D printing technology that can print metal parts with complex geometries without the design constraints of traditional manufacturing routes. However, the parts printed by LPBF normally contain many more pores than those made by conventional methods, which severely deteriorates their properties. Here, by combining in-situ high-speed high-resolution synchrotron x-ray imaging experiments and multi-physics modeling, we unveil the dynamics and mechanisms of pore motion and elimination in the LPBF process. We find that the high thermocapillary force, induced by the high temperature gradient in the laser interaction region, can rapidly eliminate pores from the melt pool during the LPBF process. The thermocapillary force driven pore elimination mechanism revealed here may guide the development of 3D printing approaches to achieve pore-free 3D printing of metals.

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Phase transformation dynamics guided alloy development for additive manufacturing

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2022.103068

Guo, Qilin ; Qu, Minglei ; Chuang, Chihpin Andrew ; Xiong, Lianghua ; Nabaa, Ali ; Young, Zachary A. ; Ren, Yang ; Kenesei, Peter ; Zhang, Fan ; Chen, Lianyi ( November 2022 , Additive Manufacturing)

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Revealing melt flow instabilities in laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy via in-situ high-speed X-ray imaging

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2022.103861

Guo, Qilin ; Qu, Minglei ; Escano, Luis I. ; Hojjatzadeh, S. Mohammad ; Young, Zachary ; Fezzaa, Kamel ; Chen, Lianyi ( April 2022 , International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture)

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In-situ full-field mapping of melt flow dynamics in laser metal additive manufacturing

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2019.100939

Guo, Qilin ; Zhao, Cang ; Qu, Minglei ; Xiong, Lianghua ; Hojjatzadeh, S. Mohammad ; Escano, Luis I. ; Parab, Niranjan D. ; Fezzaa, Kamel ; Sun, Tao ; Chen, Lianyi ( January 2020 , Additive Manufacturing)

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Bulk-Explosion-Induced Metal Spattering During Laser Processing

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.021052

Zhao, Cang ; Guo, Qilin ; Li, Xuxiao ; Parab, Niranjan ; Fezzaa, Kamel ; Tan, Wenda ; Chen, Lianyi ; Sun, Tao ( June 2019 , Physical Review X)

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