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In our ever-expanding world of advanced satellite and communications systems, there's a growing challenge for passive radiometer sensors used in the Earth observation like 5G. These passive sensors are challenged by risks from radio frequency interference (RFI) caused by anthropogenic signals. To address this, we urgently need effective methods to quantify the impacts of 5G on Earth observing radiometers. Unfortunately, the lack of substantial datasets in the radio frequency (RF) domain, especially for active/passive coexistence, hinders progress. Our study introduces a controlled testbed featuring a calibrated L-band radiometer and a 5G wireless communication system. In a controlled chamber, this unique setup allows us to observe and quantify transmission effects across different frequency bands. By creating a comprehensive dataset, we aim to standardize and benchmark both wireless communication and passive sensing. With the ability to analyze raw measurements, our testbed facilitates RFI detection and mitigation, fostering the coexistence of wireless communication and passive sensing technologies while establishing crucial standards. 

In this paper, we delve into the domain of heterogeneous drone-enabled aerial base stations, each equipped with varying transmit powers, serving as downlink wireless providers for ground users. A central challenge lies in strategically selecting and deploying a subset from the available drone base stations (DBSs) to meet the downlink data rate requirements while minimizing the overall power consumption. To tackle this, we formulate an optimization problem to identify the optimal subset of DBSs, ensuring wireless coverage with an acceptable transmission rate in the downlink path. Moreover, we determine their 3D positions for power consumption optimization. Assuming DBSs operate within the same frequency band, we introduce an innovative, computationally efficient beamforming method to mitigate intercell interference in the downlink. We propose a Kalai–Smorodinsky bargaining solution to establish the optimal beamforming strategy, compensating for interference-related impairments. Our simulation results underscore the efficacy of our solution and offer valuable insights into the performance intricacies of heterogeneous drone-based small-cell networks.