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  1. A seller trades withqout ofnbuyers who have valuationsa1 ≥ a2 ≥ ⋯ ≥ an > 0 via sequential bilateral bargaining. Whenq < n, buyer payoffs vary across equilibria in the patient limit, but seller payoffs do not, and converge to maxl≤q+1[(a1+a2+⋯+al−1)/2+al+1+⋯+aq+1]. Ifl*is the (generically unique) maximizer of this optimization problem, then each buyeri < l*trades with probability 1 at the fair priceai/2, while buyersi ≥ l*are excluded from trade with positive probability. Bargaining with buyers who face the threat of exclusion is driven by asequential outside option principle: the seller can sequentially exercise the outside option of trading with the extra marginal buyerq + 1, then with the new extra marginal buyerq, and so on, extracting full surplus from each buyer in this sequence and enhancing the outside option at every stage. A seller who can serve all buyers (q = n) may benefit from creating scarcity by committing to exclude some remaining buyers as negotiations proceed. Anoptimal exclusion commitment, within a general class, excludes a single buyer but maintains flexibility about which buyer is excluded. Results apply symmetrically to a buyer bargaining with multiple sellers. 
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