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  1. Ainagul, A (Ed.)
    Sustainable coffee production faces growing environmental and economic pressures, particularly under climate change and volatile markets. This study examines Honduran coffee farmers’ willingness to adopt sustainable land-sparing practices that integrate natural forests into production systems. Using a discrete choice experiment with 600 farmers in the Yoro region, we estimated preferences for carbon payments, coffee price premia, and technical training. Results show that financial incentives strongly influence adoption, with compensation requirements rising, the proportion of farmland allocated to forest increases. Farmers with higher incomes, existing forest cover, or prior experience with sustainable methods were more willing to participate. In contrast, lower-income farmers required greater payments due to risk aversion and opportunity costs. Findings highlight the importance of incentive structures that combine economic rewards with technical support, providing valuable insights for policies and programs that promote sustainable coffee landscapes in Central America. 
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    Free, publicly-accessible full text available September 20, 2026