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1. ‘Highly Partisan’ and ‘Blatantly Wrong’: Analyzing News Publishers’ Critiques of Google’s Reviewed Claims

   Lurie, Emma ; Mustafaraj, Eni ( October 2020 , Proceedings of the 2020 Truth and Trust Online Conference (TTO 2020))

   De Cristofaro, Emiliano ; Nakov, Preslav (Ed.)

   Google’s reviewed claims feature was an early attempt to incorporate additional credibility signals from fact-checking onto the search results page. The feature, which appeared when users searched for the name of a subset of news publishers, was criticized by dozens of publishers for its errors and alleged anticonservative bias. By conducting an audit of news publisher search results and focusing on the critiques of publishers, we find that there is a lack of consensus between fact-checking ecosystem stakeholders that may be important to address in future iterations of public facing fact-checking tools. In particular, we find that a lack of transparency coupled with a lack of consensus on what makes a fact-check relevant to a news article led to the breakdown of reviewed claims. 

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2. Users choose to engage with more partisan news than they are exposed to on Google Search

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06078-5  

   Robertson, Ronald E. ; Green, Jon ; Ruck, Damian J. ; Ognyanova, Katherine ; Wilson, Christo ; Lazer, David ( June 2023 , Nature)
3. Partisan bias in the identification of fake news

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2021.05.001  

   Gawronski, Bertram ( September 2021 , Trends in Cognitive Sciences)
4. Reluctant to Share: How Third Person Perceptions of Fake News Discourage News Readers From Sharing “Real News” on Social Media

   https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305120955173  

   Yang, Fan ; Horning, Michael ( July 2020 , Social Media + Society)

   null (Ed.)

   Rampant fake news on social media has drawn significant attention. Yet, much remains unknown as to how such imbalanced evaluations of self versus others could shape social media users’ perceptions and their subsequent attitudes and behavioral intentions regarding social media news. An online survey ( N = 335) was conducted to examine the third person effect (TPE) in fake news on social media and suggested that users perceived a greater influence of fake news on others than on themselves. However, although users evaluated fake news as socially undesirable, they were still unsupportive of government censorship as a remedy. In addition, the perceived prevalence of fake news leads audiences to reported significantly less willingness to share all news on social media either online or offline. 

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5. A Three-dimensional Model of News Recirculation: Towards a Unified Understanding of News Sharing

   https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2022.2150264  

   Barchas-Lichtenstein, Jena ( November 2022 , Journalism Studies)

   This paper responds to calls for theory-building about news sharing on social media, arguing for a unified understanding of sharing practices both online and off. Developing a theoretical understanding of news sharing requires broadening our gaze to include other communicative technologies, such as postal mail, email, voice calls, and in-person conversation. In a conceptual contribution based on reflections about my participation in long-term multi-method collaborative studies in the US, I argue that news sharing is an act of commitment at the core. I also propose a three-dimensional model of news recirculation. The first two dimensions, publicness and ephemerality, are ideological – although they widely misrecognized as properties of specific channels and platforms. People enact a third dimension of practice, voice, when they recirculate news. 

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