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1. Large Exchange Bias after Zero-Field Cooling from an Unmagnetized State

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.077203  

   Wang, B. M. ; Liu, Y. ; Ren, P. ; Xia, B. ; Ruan, K. B. ; Yi, J. B. ; Ding, J. ; Li, X. G. ; Wang, L. ( February 2011 , Physical Review Letters)
2. Giant Exchange‐Bias‐Like Effect at Low Cooling Fields Induced by Pinned Magnetic Domains in Y 2 NiIrO 6 Double Perovskite

   https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202209759  

   Deng, Zheng ; Wang, Xiao ; Wang, Mengqin ; Shen, Feiran ; Zhang, Jine ; Chen, Yuansha ; Feng, Hai L. ; Xu, Jiawang ; Peng, Yi ; Li, Wenmin ; et al ( March 2023 , Advanced Materials)

   Exchange bias (EB) is highly desirable for widespread technologies. Generally, conventional exchange‐bias heterojunctions require excessively large cooling fields for sufficient bias fields, which are generated by pinned spins at the interface of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic layers. It is crucial for applicability to obtain considerable exchange‐bias fields with minimum cooling fields. Here, an exchange‐bias‐like effect is reported in a double perovskite, Y₂NiIrO₆, which shows long‐range ferrimagnetic ordering below 192 K. It displays a giant bias‐like field of 1.1 T with a cooling field of only 15 Oe at 5 K. This robust phenomenon appears below 170 K. This fascinating bias‐like effect is the secondary effect of the vertical shifts of the magnetic loops, which is attributed to the pinned magnetic domains due to the combination of strong spin–orbit coupling on Ir, and antiferromagnetically coupled Ni‐ and Ir‐sublattices. The pinned moments in Y₂NiIrO₆are present throughout the full volume, not just at the interface as in conventional bilayer systems.

    

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3. Double-Exchange Bias Modulation under Horizontal and Perpendicular Field Directions by 3D Nanocomposite Design

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c14699  

   Huang, Jijie ; Zhang, Di ; Liu, Juncheng ; Dou, Hongyi ; Wang, Haiyan ( October 2021 , ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces)
4. Exchange Bias Between van der Waals Materials: Tilted Magnetic States and Field‐Free Spin–Orbit‐Torque Switching

   https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202305739  

   Cham, Thow Min Jerald ; Dorrian, Reiley J. ; Zhang, Xiyue S. ; Dismukes, Avalon H. ; Chica, Daniel G. ; May, Andrew F. ; Roy, Xavier ; Muller, David A. ; Ralph, Daniel C. ; Luo, Yunqiu Kelly ( January 2024 , Advanced Materials)

   Magnetic van der Waals heterostructures provide a unique platform to study magnetism and spintronics device concepts in the 2D limit. Here, studies of exchange bias from the van der Waals antiferromagnet CrSBr acting on the van der Waals ferromagnet Fe₃GeTe₂(FGT) are reported. The orientation of the exchange bias is along the in‐plane easy axis of CrSBr, perpendicular to the out‐of‐plane anisotropy of the FGT, inducing a strongly tilted magnetic configuration in the FGT. Furthermore, the in‐plane exchange bias provides sufficient symmetry breaking to allow deterministic spin–orbit torque switching of the FGT in CrSBr/FGT/Pt samples at zero applied magnetic field. A minimum thickness of the CrSBr of >10 nm is needed to provide a non‐zero exchange bias at 30 K.

    

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5. Grade 5 Students’ Elective Replay After Experiencing Failures in Learning Fractions in an Educational Game: When Does Replay After Failures Benefit Learning?

   https://doi.org/10.1145/3506860.3506873  

   Zhang, Qian ; Rutherford, Teomara ( March 2022 , LAK22: LAK22: 12th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference)

   Despite theoretical benefits of replayability in educational games, empirical studies have found mixed evidence about the effects of replaying a previously passed game (i.e., elective replay) on students’ learning. Particularly, we know little about behavioral features of students’ elective replay process after experiencing failures (i.e., interruptive elective replay) and the relationships between these features and learning outcomes. In this study, we analyzed 5th graders’ log data from an educational game, ST Math, when they studied fractions—one of the most important but challenging math topics. We systematically constructed interruptive elective replay features by following students’ sequential behaviors after failing a game and investigated the relationships between these features and students’ post-test performance, after taking into account pretest performance and in-game performance. Descriptive statistics of the features we constructed revealed individual differences in the elective replay process after failures in terms of when to start replaying, what to replay, and how to replay. Moreover, a Bayesian multi-model linear regression showed that interruptive elective replay after failures might be beneficial for students if they chose to replay previously passed games when failing at a higher, more difficult level in the current game and if they passed the replayed games. 

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