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1. Long‐term hydrology and aquatic biogeochemistry data from H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Cascade Mountains, Oregon

   https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14187  

   Johnson, Sherri L.; Henshaw, Don; Downing, Greg; Wondzell, Steve; Schulze, Mark; Kennedy, Adam; Cohn, Greg; Schmidt, Stephanie A.; Jones, Julia A. (May 2021, Hydrological Processes)

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2. The large-scale, long-term coupling of temperature, hydrology, and water isotopes

   https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0563.1  

   Siler, Nicholas; Bailey, Adriana; Roe, Gerard H.; Buizert, Christo; Markle, Bradley; Noone, David (May 2021, Journal of Climate)

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   Abstract The stable isotope ratios of oxygen and hydrogen in polar ice cores are known to record environmental change, and they have been widely used as a paleothermometer. Although it is known to be a simplification, the relationship is often explained by invoking a single condensation pathway with progressive distillation to the temperature at the location of the ice core. In reality, the physical factors are complicated, and recent studies have identified robust aspects of the hydrologic cycle’s response to climate change that could influence the isotope-temperature relationship. In this study, we introduce a new zonal-mean isotope model derived from radiative transfer theory, and incorporate it into a recently developed moist energy balance climate model (MEBM), thus providing an internally consistent representation of the tight physical coupling between temperature, hydrology, and isotope ratios in the zonal-mean climate. The isotope model reproduces the observed pattern of meteoric δ 18 O in the modern climate, and allows us to evaluate the relative importance of different processes for the temporal correlation between δ 18 O and temperature at high latitudes. We find that the positive temporal correlation in polar ice cores is predominantly a result of suppressed high-latitude evaporation with cooling, rather than local temperature changes. The same mechanism also explains the difference in the strength of the isotope-temperature relationship between Greenland and Antarctica. 

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3. Insights Into Spatial Synchrony Enabled by Long‐Term Data

   https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.70112  

   Reuman, Daniel_C; Walter, Jonathan_A; Sheppard, Lawrence_W; Karatayev, Vadim_A; Kadiyala, Ethan_S; Lohmann, Amanda_C; Anderson, Thomas_L; Coombs, Nat_J; Haynes, Kyle_J; Hallett, Lauren_M; et al (April 2025, Ecology Letters)

   ABSTRACT Spatial synchrony, the tendency for temporal fluctuations in an ecological variable to be positively associated in different locations, is a widespread and important phenomenon in ecology. Understanding of the nature and mechanisms of synchrony, and how synchrony is changing, has developed rapidly over the past 2 decades. Many recent developments have taken place through the study of long‐term data sets. Here, we review and synthesise some important recent advances in spatial synchrony, with a focus on how long‐term data have facilitated new understanding. Longer time series do not just facilitate better testing of existing ideas or more precise statistical results; more importantly, they also frequently make possible the expansion of conceptual paradigms. We discuss several such advances in our understanding of synchrony, how long‐term data led to these advances, and how future studies can continue to improve the state of knowledge. 

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4. Long‐term stream hydrology and meteorology of a Polar Desert, the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica

   https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14623  

   Gooseff, Michael N.; McKnight, Diane M.; Doran, Peter T.; Fountain, Andrew (June 2022, Hydrological Processes)
5. Inferring the Long-Term Causal Effects of Long-Term Treatments from Short-Term Experiments

   Tran, Allen; Bibaut, Aurelien; Kallus, Nathan (July 2024, Proceedings of Machine Learning Research)