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   Kloczko, Sara; Faghri, Amir; Li, Yuhua (December 2019, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer)
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3. Increase in heat tolerance following a period of heat stress in a naturally occurring insect species

   https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13995  

   Ardelan, Andre; Tsai, Anne; Will, Sophia; McGuire, Rosa; Amarasekare, Priyanga (September 2023, Journal of Animal Ecology)

   Abstract Climate warming is the defining environmental crisis of the 21st century. Elucidating whether organisms can adapt to rapidly changing thermal environments is therefore a crucial research priority.We investigated warming effects on a native Hemipteran insect (Murgantia histrionica) that feeds on an endemic plant species (Isomeris arborea) of the California coastal sage scrub. Experiments conducted in 2009 quantified the temperature responses of juvenile maturation rates and stage‐specific and cumulative survivorship. The intervening decade has seen some of the hottest years ever recorded, with increasing mean temperatures accompanied by an increase in the frequency of hot extremes.Experiments repeated in 2021 show a striking change in the bugs' temperature responses. In 2009, no eggs developed past the second nymphal stage at 33°C. In 2021, eggs developed into reproductive adults at 33°C. Upper thermal limits for maturation and survivorship have increased, along with a decrease in mortality risk with increasing age and temperature, and a decrease in the temperature sensitivity of mortality with increasing age.While we cannot exclude the possibility that other environmental factors occurring in concert could have affected our findings, the fact that all observed trait changes are in the direction of greater heat tolerance suggests that consistent exposure to extreme heat stress may at least be partially responsible for these changes.Harlequin bugs belong to the suborder Heteroptera, which contains a number of economically important pests, biological control agents and disease carriers. Their differential success in withstanding warming compared to beneficial holometabolous insects such as pollinators may exacerbate the decline of beneficial insects due to other causes (e.g. pollution and pesticides) with potentially serious consequences on both biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. 

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4. It’s a dry heat: professional perspectives on extreme heat risk in Utah

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   Esplin, Emily D.; Howe, Peter D. (February 2021, Journal of Risk Research)

   null (Ed.)
5. Using a Multi-Inlet/Outlet Manifold to Improve Heat Transfer and Flow Distribution of a Pin Fin Heat Sink

   https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4054461  

   Gharaibeh, Ahmad R.; Manaserh, Yaman M.; Tradat, Mohammad I.; AlShatnawi, Firas W.; Schiffres, Scott N.; Sammakia, Bahgat G. (September 2022, Journal of Electronic Packaging)

   Abstract The increased power consumption and continued miniaturization of high-powered electronic components have presented many challenges to their thermal management. To improve the efficiency and reliability of these devices, the high amount of heat that they generate must be properly removed. In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical model has been developed and experimentally validated for several manifold heat sink designs. The goal was to enhance the heat sink's thermal performance while reducing the required pumping power by lowering the pressure drop across the heat sink. The considered designs were benchmarked to a commercially available heat sink in terms of their thermal and hydraulic performances. The proposed manifolds were designed to distribute fluid through alternating inlet and outlet branched internal channels. It was found that using the manifold design with 3 channels reduced the thermal resistance from 0.061 to 0.054 °C/W with a pressure drop reduction of 0.77 kPa from the commercial cold plate. A geometric parametric study was performed to investigate the effect of the manifold's internal channel width on the thermohydraulic performance of the proposed designs. It was found that the thermal resistance decreased as the manifold's channel width decreased, up until a certain width value, below which the thermal resistance started to increase while maintaining low-pressure drop values. Where the thermal resistance significantly decreased in the 7 channels design by 16.4% and maintained a lower pressure drop value below 0.6 kPa. 

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