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Title: $4\times100$ -Gb/s PAM-4 FSO Transmission Based on Polarization Modulation and Direct Detection
Award ID(s):
1821819
NSF-PAR ID:
10099702
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Date Published:
Journal Name:
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
Volume:
31
Issue:
10
ISSN:
1041-1135
Page Range / eLocation ID:
755 to 758
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
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    Brønsted acid catalyzed formal [4 + 4]-, [4 + 3]-, and [4 + 2]-cycloadditions of donor–acceptor cyclobutenes, cyclopropenes, and siloxyalkynes with benzopyrylium ions are reported. [4 + 2]-cyclization/deMayo-type ring-extension cascade processes produce highly functionalized benzocyclooctatrienes, benzocycloheptatrienes, and 2-naphthols in good to excellent yields and selectivities. Moreover, the optical purity of reactant donor–acceptor cyclobutenes is fully retained during the cascade. The 1,3-dicarbonyl product framework of the reaction products provides opportunities for salen-type ligand syntheses and the construction of fused pyrazoles and isoxazoles that reveal a novel rotamer-diastereoisomerism. 
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