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1. Professional development for mathematics teacher education faculty: Need and design

   Jackson, B. ; Hauk, S. ; Tsay, J. J. ; Ramirez, A. ( June 2020 , The Montana math enthusiast)

   null (Ed.)

   The purpose of this report is to share a conceptual model useful in the design of professional learning about teaching for university mathematics faculty. The model is illustrated by examples from a particular design effort: the development of an online shortcourse for faculty new to teaching mathematics courses for prospective primary school teachers. How novice mathematics teacher educators grow as instructors is an emerging area of research and development in the United States. At the same time, it is well established that effective instructional design of any course, including a course for faculty, requires breadth first: understanding and anticipating the needs of the learner. Therefore, given the sparse knowledge base in the new arena of mathematics teacher educator professional growth, effective design requires leveraging the scant existing research while also exploring and iteratively refining broad goals and objectives for faculty learning. Only after a conceptual foundation is articulated for what is to be learned and what will constitute evidence of learning, can cycles of design productively examine and test-bed particular course features such as lesson content, structures (like scope and sequence), and processes (like communication and evaluation). In the example used in this report, several researchbased perspectives on learning in/for/about teaching guided design goals and short-course objectives. These valued perspectives informed creation and prioritization of principles for short-course design which, in turn, informed evaluation of faculty learning. With these conceptual foundations in place, design of lessons to realize the goals, principles, and objectives rapidly followed. The work reported here contributes to the knowledge base in two ways: (1) it addresses faculty professional development directly by describing and illustrating a model for supporting instructional improvement and (2) it provides metanarrative to scaffold the professional growth of those who design professional learning opportunities for post-secondary mathematics faculty. 

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2. “Let’s See” – Students Play Vector Unknown, An Inquiry-Oriented Linear Algebra Digital Game

   Mauntel, M. ; Sipes, J. ; Zandieh, M. ; Plaxco, D. ; & Levine, B. ( January 2019 , Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Research in Undergraduate Mathematics Education)

   The results we report are a product of the first iteration of a design-based study that uses a game, Vector Unknown, to support students in learning about vector equations in both algebraic and geometric contexts. While playing the game, students employed various numeric and geometric strategies that reflect differing levels of mathematical sophistication. Additionally, results indicate that students developed connections between the algebraic and geometric contexts during gameplay. The game’s design was a collaborative effort between mathematics educators and computer scientists and was based on a framework that integrates inquiry-oriented instruction and inquiry-based learning (IO/IBL), game-based learning (GBL), realistic mathematics education (RME). 

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3. A Computer Scientist Teaches Gen Ed Math

   https://doi.org/10.1109/CSCI49370.2019.00151  

   Winter, Victor ; Love, Betty ; Friend, Michelle ; Matthews, Michael ( December 2019 , 2019 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI))

   A nationwide effort is underway to provide students pursuing higher education with options for satisfying general education (gen ed) math requirements. Within the context of this effort, computer science has an opportunity to introduce students to programming fundamentals and computer science principles while also satisfying gen ed math requirements. This paper is an experience report that describes initial efforts at the University of Nebraska-Omaha in piloting a course, satisfying the gen ed math requirements for non-STEM majors, whose content spans computer science, mathematics as well as the visual arts. 

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4. POSSIBILITIES AND PROMISES OF USING ARGUMENTATION IN THE TEACHING OF MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE, AND CODING

   Menke, J. ( January 2021 , Annual meeting program American Educational Research Association)

   In this presentation, the research team discussed teachers' facilitation of argumentation in teaching computer programming (or coding) and how it related to their epistemic beliefs about mathematics and science. The preliminary results showed that teachers engaged their students in both justificatory and inquiry arguments when teaching coding. This was not the case with respect to mathematics and science, in which teachers described engaging students either in justificatory or inquiry argumentation exclusively. The team proposes that these siloed uses of argumentation in mathematics and science relate to the teachers' epistemic beliefs about the disciplines, and their use of argumentation in coding builds on and goes beyond their experiences with argumentation in teaching mathematics and science. 

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5. From terrified to comfortable: a fourth-grade teacher’s journey in teaching coding

   https://doi.org/10.51272/pmena.42.2020-323  

   Menke, Jenna ; Miller, Claire ( December 2020 , Proceedings of the 42nd Meeting of the North American Chapter of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education)

   Sacristán, A.I. ; Cortés-Zavala, J.C. ; Ruiz-Arias, P.M. (Ed.)

   Collective Argumentation Learning and Coding (CALC) is a project focused on providing teachers with strategies to engage students in collective argumentation in mathematics, science, and coding. Collective argumentation can be characterized by any instance where multiple people (teachers and students) work together to establish a claim and provide evidence to support it (Conner et al., 2014b). Collective argumentation is an effective approach for promoting critical and higher order thinking and supporting students’ ability to articulate and justify claims. The goal of the CALC project is to help elementary school teachers extend the use of collective argumentation from teaching mathematics and science to teaching coding. Doing so increases the probability that teachers will integrate coding in regular classroom instruction, making it accessible to all students. This project highlighted Gloria (pseudonym), a fourth-grade teacher from Cohort 1 because of the extent to which she went from fear of coding to fluent implementation. Initially, Gloria was comfortable engaging her students in argumentation, explaining they already used it in mathematics with Cognitively Guided Instruction (CGI). However, she was “terrified” about learning to code because she didn’t view herself as proficient with technology. She was willing to overcome her fear of coding because she saw the value in providing her students with coding experiences that would help them develop the necessary skills for our increasingly technological society. In the course of three months, Gloria’s instruction progressed from using simple coding activities to more sophisticated coding platforms. This progression in her coding instruction paralleled the change in her personal feelings about coding as she moved from “terrified” to “comfortable with it”. 

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