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1. Subtropical sea-surface warming and increased salinity during Eocene Thermal Maximum 2

   https://doi.org/10.1130/G39658.1  

   Harper, Dustin T. ; Zeebe, Richard ; Hönisch, Bärbel ; Schrader, Cindy D. ; Lourens, Lucas J. ; Zachos, James C. ( December 2017 , Geology)
2. Global mean surface temperature and climate sensitivity of the early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO), Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), and latest Paleocene

   https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1953-2020  

   Inglis, Gordon N. ; Bragg, Fran ; Burls, Natalie J. ; Cramwinckel, Margot J. ; Evans, David ; Foster, Gavin L. ; Huber, Matthew ; Lunt, Daniel J. ; Siler, Nicholas ; Steinig, Sebastian ; et al ( January 2020 , Climate of the Past)

   null (Ed.)

   Abstract. Accurate estimates of past global mean surface temperature (GMST) help tocontextualise future climate change and are required to estimate thesensitivity of the climate system to CO2 forcing through Earth's history.Previous GMST estimates for the latest Paleocene and early Eocene(∼57 to 48 million years ago) span a wide range(∼9 to 23 ∘C higher than pre-industrial) andprevent an accurate assessment of climate sensitivity during this extremegreenhouse climate interval. Using the most recent data compilations, weemploy a multi-method experimental framework to calculate GMST during thethree DeepMIP target intervals: (1) the latest Paleocene (∼57 Ma), (2) the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM; 56 Ma), and (3) the earlyEocene Climatic Optimum (EECO; 53.3 to 49.1 Ma). Using six differentmethodologies, we find that the average GMST estimate (66 % confidence)during the latest Paleocene, PETM, and EECO was 26.3 ∘C (22.3 to28.3 ∘C), 31.6 ∘C (27.2 to 34.5 ∘C), and27.0 ∘C (23.2 to 29.7 ∘C), respectively. GMST estimatesfrom the EECO are ∼10 to 16 ∘C warmer thanpre-industrial, higher than the estimate given by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 5thAssessment Report (9 to 14 ∘C higher than pre-industrial).Leveraging the large “signal” associated with these extreme warm climates,we combine estimates of GMST and CO2 from the latest Paleocene, PETM,and EECO to calculate gross estimates of the average climate sensitivitybetween the early Paleogene and today. We demonstrate that “bulk”equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS; 66 % confidence) during the latestPaleocene, PETM, and EECO is 4.5 ∘C (2.4 to 6.8 ∘C),3.6 ∘C (2.3 to 4.7 ∘C), and 3.1 ∘C (1.8 to4.4 ∘C) per doubling of CO2. These values are generallysimilar to those assessed by the IPCC (1.5 to 4.5 ∘C per doublingCO2) but appear incompatible with low ECS values (<1.5 perdoubling CO2). 

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3. Response of calcareous nannoplankton to the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum in the Paratethys Seaway (Tarim Basin, West China)

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103918  

   Wang, Yasu ; Cui, Ying ; Su, Hong ; Jiang, Jingxin ; Wang, Yang ; Yang, Zhilin ; Hu, Xiumian ; Jiang, Shijun ( October 2022 , Global and Planetary Change)
4. Shelf Ecosystems Along the U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain Prior to and During the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum: Insights Into the Stratigraphic Architecture

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2022PA004475  

   Doubrawa, Monika ; Stassen, Peter ; Robinson, Marci M. ; Babila, Tali L. ; Zachos, James C. ; Speijer, Robert P. ( October 2022 , Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology)

   The Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) is the most pronounced global warming event of the early Paleogene related to atmospheric CO₂increases. It is characterized by negative δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C excursions recorded in sedimentary archives and a transient disruption of the marine biosphere. Sites from the U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain show an additional small, but distinct δ¹³C excursion below the onset of the PETM, coined the “pre‐onset excursion” (POE), mimicking the PETM‐forced environmental perturbations. This study focuses on the South Dover Bridge core in Maryland, where the Paleocene‐Eocene transition is stratigraphically constrained by calcareous nannoplankton and stable isotope data, and in which the POE is well‐expressed. The site was situated in a middle neritic marine shelf setting near a major outflow of the paleo‐Potomac River system. We generated high‐resolution benthic foraminiferal assemblage, stable isotope, trace‐metal, grain‐size and clay mineralogy data. The resulting stratigraphic subdivision of this Paleocene‐Eocene transition is placed within a depth transect across the paleoshelf, highlighting that the PETM sequence is relatively expanded. The geochemical records provide detailed insights into the paleoenvironment, developing from a well‐oxygenated water column in latest Paleocene to a PETM‐ecosystem under severe biotic stress‐conditions, with shifts in food supply and temperature, and under dysoxic bottom waters in a more river‐dominated setting. Environmental changes started in the latest Paleocene and culminated atthe onset of the PETM, hinting to an intensifying trigger rather than to an instantaneous event at the Paleocene‐Eocene boundary toppling the global system.

    

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5. PALEOENVIRONMENTS CONTAINING CORYPHODON IN THE FORT UNION AND WILLWOOD FORMATIONS SPANNING THE PALEOCENE-EOCENE THERMAL MAXIMUM (PETM), BIGHORN BASIN, WYOMING

   https://doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020RM-346364  

   Randall, Emily N. ; D'Emic, Michael D. ; Foreman, Brady Z. ; Hoffmann, Simone ; Sageman, Isaac ; Wilson, Mark A. ( January 2020 , Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs)