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1. After the Perfect Storm

   https://doi.org/10.1525/cse.2022.1706963  

   Berry, Brieanne; Isenhour, Cindy; MacRae, Jean; Victor, Erin; Blackmer, Travis; Entwistle, Jared; Silka, Linda; Haedicke, Michael; Lee, Susanne; Saber, Deborah (January 2022, Case Studies in the Environment)

   Recent disruptions in waste management, including the COVID-19 pandemic and China’s decision to limit waste imports from the United States, have shocked materials management systems across the United States. In Maine, these disruptions have been exacerbated by significant disturbances in the state’s waste management infrastructure. These shocks, emerging on multiple scales, combine to strongly impact Maine’s communities. Drawing on interviews with stakeholders involved in waste hauling, processing, outreach and education, as well as state and municipal government. Our paper explores how participants are leveraging these experiences to envision a more resilient materials management system for the state. However, as this case study illustrates, the complexity of materials management systems means that there is no single solution for ongoing, emergent, and unforeseen disruptions. Our research identifies tensions related to how to define system boundaries, the respective roles of the government and markets, issues of scale, and the dual need for both centralized and distributed solutions. Our exploration of materials management disruptions in Maine demonstrates the complexity of building and managing systems that attempt to balance the social, economic and ecological dimensions of materials management systems. 

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2. Storm frequency, magnitude, and cumulative storm beach impact along the US east coast

   https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-12-1145-2024  

   Dominguez, Rachele; Fenster, Michael S; McManus, John W (January 2024, Earth Surface Dynamics)

   Abstract. This study extracted historical water level data from 12 National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration tide gauge stations, spanning the period from the early 20th century to 2022 from central Maine to southern Florida, in order to determine if temporal and spatial trends existed in the frequency and magnitude of storms along the US Atlantic Ocean coast. We used the Storm Erosion Potential Index (SEPI) to identify and quantify storms. We then use the timing and magnitude of those storms to determine the cumulative effect of storm clustering and large-magnitude storms on sandy beaches using the cumulative storm impact index (CSII) empirical model. The results from this study showed (1) no appreciable increase in storm frequency at any of the stations (except for sheltered stations susceptible to storm tide augmentation), (2) statistically significant but modest increases in storm magnitudes over time for 8 of the 12 tidal stations, (3) regional differences in storm magnitudes (SEPI) and cumulative storm impacts (CSII) characteristic of more frequent extratropical storms (temporal clustering) in the north and less frequent tropical storms in the south, and (4) a 4- to 10-year recovery period for regional beach recovery. 

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3. Impact of Storm-Enhanced Density (SED) on Ion Upflow Fluxes During Geomagnetic Storm

   https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2021.746429  

   Zou, Shasha; Ren, Jiaen; Wang, Zihan; Sun, Hu; Chen, Yang (September 2021, Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences)

   The impact of the dynamic evolution of the Storm-Enhanced Density (SED) on the upward ion fluxes during the March 06, 2016 geomagnetic storm is studied using comprehensive multi-scale datasets. This storm was powered by a Corotating Interaction Region (CIR), and the minimum Sym-H reached ∼−110 nT. During the ionospheric positive storm phase, the SED formed and the associated plume and polar cap patches occasionally drifted anti-sunward across the polar cap. When these high-density structures encountered positive vertical flows, large ion upward fluxes were produced, with the largest upward flux reaching 3 × 10¹⁴ m⁻²s⁻¹. These upflows were either the type-1 ion upflow associated with fast flow channels, such as the subauroral polarization stream (SAPS) channel, or the type-2 ion upflow due to soft particle precipitations in the cusp region. The total SED-associated upflow flux in the dayside cusp can be comparable to the total upflow flux in the nightside auroral zone despite the much smaller cusp area compared with the auroral zone. During the ionospheric negative storm phase, the ionospheric densities within the SED and plume decreased significantly and thus led to largely reduced upward fluxes. This event analysis demonstrates the critical role of the ionospheric high-density structures in creating large ion upward fluxes. It also suggests that the dynamic processes in the coupled ionosphere-thermosphere system and the resulting state of the ionospheric storm are crucial for understanding the temporal and spatial variations of ion upflow fluxes and thus should be incorporated into coupled geospace models for improving our holistic understanding of the role of ionospheric plasma in the geospace system. 

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4. Subgrid theory for storm surge modeling

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2019.101491  

   Kennedy, Andrew B.; Wirasaet, Damrongsak; Begmohammadi, Amirhosein; Sherman, Thomas; Bolster, Diogo; Dietrich, J.C. (December 2019, Ocean Modelling)
5. Atmospheric inputs of organic matter to a forested watershed: Variations from storm to storm over the seasons

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.10.002  

   Iavorivska, Lidiia; Boyer, Elizabeth W.; Miller, Matthew P.; Brown, Michael G.; Vasilopoulos, Terrie; Fuentes, Jose D.; Duffy, Christopher J. (December 2016, Atmospheric Environment)